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Preface
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It is necessary to know. In this way, the search of all living beings is done through the marga.na of kasaya.
7 Jnanamargena - That by which the nature of the object is known, is called knowledge. There are five types of knowledge - abhinibodhika jnana (mati-jnana), srutajnana, avadhi-jnana, manaḥparyaya-jnana and kevala-jnana. The knowledge that arises with the help of the senses and the mind, when the regular object is present, is called abhinibodhika-jnana. Srutajnana is the knowledge of a different substance, taking refuge in the object known by abhinibodhika-jnana. For example, knowing the fire in the kitchen, etc. by seeing the smoke coming out of a place, and knowing the fire as the cause of the sound of the smoke. Avadhi-jnana is the direct knowledge of the objects of form without the help of the senses, taking into account the substance, space, time and state. Manaḥparyaya-jnana is the knowledge of the thoughts that were thought in the past, are present in the mind at present, and will be thought in the future. Kevala-jnana is the knowledge that directly and simultaneously knows all the substances of the three worlds and the infinite qualities and modifications of the three times. Of these, the first three knowledges are also false, which are called mati-ajnana, srutajnana and vibhangajnana respectively. The mati, sruta and avadhi-jnana that occur in the first three gunasthanas of the worldly beings before the arising of right faith should be known as false knowledge. The knowledge that occurs from the fourth gunasthana onwards is all right knowledge. Manaḥparyaya-jnana occurs from the sixth gunasthana to the twelfth gunasthana. Kevala-jnana occurs in the thirteenth, fourteenth gunasthanas and in the Siddhas.
8 Samyamamargana - Observing the five great vows, practicing the five samitis, restraining the passions like anger, renouncing the three danda (of mind, speech and body), and conquering the objects of the five senses is called samyama. There are five types of samyama - samayika, chedopasthapana, pariharavisuddhi, sukshmasamparaya, yathakhyata. In addition to these, desasamyama and asamyama also come under this marga.na. Abandoning all sinful activities and observing one undivided samyama is samayika-samyama. Observing the same undivided samyama in the form of two, three, four, five great vows is chedopasthapana-samyama. The sadhana in which one lives in the householder's life for thirty years, enjoys all kinds of pleasures according to one's desire, and then takes the diksha of a muni and lives at the feet of the Tirthankara for a period of time (three years or less) and studies the pratikramana well, is called pariharavisuddhi-samyama. In this type of sadhana, the activities of going, coming, eating, living and sleeping etc. do not cause any harm to the living being. The samyama that is observed in this way, either in an undivided form or in a divided form, is called pariharavisuddhi-samyama. The samyama in which all the passions are destroyed is called sukshmasamparaya-samyama. The samyama in which the ascetic has completely destroyed all the passions and has attained the state of yathakhyata is called yathakhyata-samyama.