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## Chapter 160 of the **Chhakhandagama**
**[1, 5, 251]**
**251.** How long do the two **upshaamak** (subduing) beings residing in the 8th and 9th **gunasthan** (stages of spiritual development) in relation to the three **kashayas** (passions) of **krodha** (anger), **maan** (pride), and **maya** (deceit), and the three **upshaamak** beings residing in the 8th, 9th, and 10th **gunasthan** in relation to the **kashaya** of **lobha** (greed), exist? They exist for one **samaya** (moment) in relation to the **nana jeeva** (many beings). **251.**
**252.** In relation to the **nana jeeva**, the **utkrusht** (superior) time for the aforementioned beings is **antarmuhurt** (half a **muhurt**). **252.**
**253.** In relation to a single being, the **jaghanya** (inferior) time for the aforementioned beings is one **samaya**, which is available in relation to death. **253.**
**254.** In relation to a single being, the **utkrusht** time for the aforementioned beings is **antarmuhurt**. **254.**
This is because the **kashayas** arise for a maximum of **antarmuhurt** time, after which they are destroyed by **niyam** (natural law). ... How long do the two **kshapak** (destroying) beings residing in the **apuurvakaran** (unprepared) and **anivrittikaran** (unliberated) **gunasthan** with the **kashayas** of **krodha**, **maan**, and **maya**, and the three **kshapak** beings residing in the **apuurvakaran**, **anivrittikaran**, and **sukshmasampray** (subtle **sampray** - a state of being) **gunasthan** with the **kashaya** of **lobha**, exist? They exist for a **jaghanya** time of **antarmuhurt** in relation to the **nana jeeva**.
**255.** In relation to the **nana jeeva**, the **utkrusht** time for the aforementioned **kshapak** beings is **antarmuhurt**. **256.**
**257.** In relation to a single being, the **jaghanya** time for the aforementioned beings is **antarmuhurt**. **257.**
**258.** In relation to a single being, the **utkrusht** time for the aforementioned beings is **antarmuhurt**. **258.**
**259.** The time for the last four **gunasthan** beings in **akashayi** (non-passionate) beings is like an **ogh** (stream). **259.**
**260.** In relation to the **gyaanmarg** (path of knowledge), the time for the **mithyadrishti** (false-believing) beings in **matyajnaani** (those who have forgotten knowledge) and **shrutagyaanis** (those who have heard knowledge) is like an **ogh**. **260.**