Panchastikay

SR No.: 090326
Original Sutra Author: Kundkundacharya
Author: Shreelal Jain Vyakaranshastri
Publisher: Bharat Varshiya Anekant Vidwat Parishad
Total Pages: 421
Language: Hindi, Sanskrit
Classification: Book_Devnagari, Philosophy, & Religion
File Size: 11 MB

Page 92

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षड्द्रव्य-पंचास्तिकायवर्णन मास होता है, दो मासकी एक ऋतु होती है, तीन ऋतुका एक अयन होता है, दो अयनका एक वर्ष होता है, इत्यादि पल्योपम, सागर आदि व्यवहारकाल जानना चाहिये। जो मंदगतिरूप परिणमन करते हुए पुदलके परमाणुसे प्रगट हो वह समय है । जो जलके बर्तन आदि बाहरी निमित्तभूत पुगलकी क्रियासे प्रगट हो वह घड़ी है । सूर्यके बिम्बके गमन आदि क्रिया विशेषसे प्रगट हो वह दिवस आदि व्यवहारकाल है। जैसे कुंभार चााक आदि बाहरी निमित्त कारणोंसे उत्पन्न घट मिट्टीके पिंडरूप उपादान कारणसे पैदा हुआ है, ऐसे ही निश्चयनयसे यह व्यवहारकाल द्रव्यकालाणुसे उत्पन्न हुआ है तो भी व्यहारनयसे पुछलादिके गमनका निमित्त होनेसे पराधीन है। यहाँ कोई शंका करता है कि-जो अन्यकी क्रिया विशेषसे अर्थात् सूर्यादिके गमनादिसे जाना जावे व जो अन्य उत्पन्न हुए पदार्थोके जनावनेका कारण हो वही काल है दूसरा कोई द्रव्य या निश्चयकाल नहीं है । इसका उत्तर कहते हैं कि ऐसा नहीं है कि जो पहले कहे प्रमाण समय आदिकी पर्यायरूप सूर्यकी गति आदिसे प्रगट होता है वह व्यवहार काल है परन्तु जो सूर्य आदिकी गतिके परिणमनमें सहकारी कारण हो वह द्रव्य काल या निश्चय काल है । फिर शंकाकार कहता है कि सूर्यके गमन आदि परिणतिमें धर्म द्रव्य सहकारी कारण है, काल द्रव्यका यहाँ क्या काम है ? आचार्य उत्तर देते हैं कि नहीं। गमनरूप परिणमनमें धर्म द्रव्य सहकारी कारण है वैसे काल द्रव्य भी सहकारी कारण है। सहकारी कारण बहुतसे भी हो सकते हैं जैसे घटकी उत्पत्तिमें कुंभार, चाक, चीवर आदि अनेक कारण है व मछली आदिके लिये जल आदि व मनुष्योंके लिये शकट आदि व विद्याथरोंके लिए मन्त्र, औषधि आदि, व देवोंके लिये विमान गमनमें सहकारी कारण हैं वैसे काल द्रव्य भी गमनमें सहकारी कारण है।
कहीं पर कहा है कि पुद्गलके द्वारा बने हुए स्कंध व पुद्गल सहित जीव कालके निमित्तसे ही क्रियावान होते हैं। इसे आगे कहेंगे भी।
शंकाकार यह शंका करता है कि जितने कालमें एक प्रदेशका उल्लंघन पुद्गल परमाणु करता है वह समय है, ऐसा कहा गया है । वही परमाणु जब एक ही समय में चौदह राजू चला जाता है तब जितने प्रदेश चौदह राजूके हैं उतने ही समय हुए, एक ही समय कैसे लगा? आचार्य समाधान करते हैं कि ऐसा नहीं है । जब मंदगतिसे परमाणु- गमन करता हुआ एक प्रदेश उल्लंघन करता है तब एक समय उत्पन्न होता है वही परमाणु उतने ही एक समयमें चौदह राजू उल्लंघन करता है सो शीघ्र गतिसे करता है ऐसा कहा है, इसलिये इसमें कोई दोष नहीं है। समयके विभाग नहीं होते हैं। इसमें दृष्टांत कहते हैं जैसे कोई देवदत्त नामका पुरुष सौ योजन सौ दिनमें मंदगतिसे जाता है वही यदि विद्याके प्रभावसे एक

Translation AI Generated

The description of the six substances and the five astikayas is as follows: A month is made up of two months, a season is made up of three months, an ayan is made up of three seasons, a year is made up of two ayans, and so on. One should know the practical time periods like palya, upam, sagar, etc. Time is that which manifests from the subtle particles of pudgala, which are in a state of slow motion. A ghadi is that which manifests from the action of pudgala, which is external and instrumental, like a vessel of water. A day, etc., is that which manifests from the specific action of the sun's orb, like its movement, etc. Just as a pot, which is produced by external instrumental causes like a potter's wheel, etc., is born from the material cause, which is a lump of clay, similarly, this practical time is born from the subtle particles of time, but it is dependent on the movement of the moon, etc., as its instrumental cause. Here, someone may doubt that time is that which is known by the specific action of others, i.e., by the movement of the sun, etc., and which is the cause of knowing other things that have been produced. There is no other substance or definite time. The answer to this is that it is not so. The time that manifests from the movement of the sun, etc., which is a synonym of the previously mentioned evidence, is practical time, but the time that is a cooperative cause in the movement of the sun, etc., is the substance time or definite time. Then the doubter says that dharma substance is a cooperative cause in the movement, etc., of the sun. What is the role of time substance here? The Acharya answers that it is not so. Just as dharma substance is a cooperative cause in the movement, so is time substance. There can be many cooperative causes. For example, in the production of a pot, there are many causes like the potter, the wheel, the chisel, etc., and for fish, there is water, etc., and for humans, there is a cart, etc., and for students, there are mantras, medicines, etc., and for gods, there are vehicles for movement, etc., which are cooperative causes. Similarly, time substance is also a cooperative cause in movement. It has been said somewhere that the skandhas made from pudgala and the living being along with pudgala are active only because of time. This will be discussed further. The doubter doubts that the time taken by a pudgala particle to cross a region is time. It has been said that the same particle travels fourteen rajus in the same time. How can the same time be taken when it crosses fourteen rajus, which are equal to fourteen regions? The Acharya resolves this by saying that it is not so. When a particle crosses a region while moving slowly, one time is produced. The same particle crosses fourteen rajus in the same time, but it does so at a faster speed. This is what has been said, so there is no fault in this. There are no divisions of time. An example is given here. A man named Devadatta travels one hundred yojanas in one hundred days at a slow speed. If he travels with the power of knowledge,