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The **Panchaastikaya** (five categories of existence) and the **six dravyas** (substances) are explained in the next eight gathas (verses). The main theme of these eight gathas is **cetana** (consciousness) and **acetana** (non-consciousness), **murta** (concrete) and **amurta** (abstract). The gathas like "Aayaasa" etc. focus on **active** and **inactive** aspects. The gathas like "Jeeva Moggalakaya" etc. focus on the **characteristics of amurta**. The gathas like "Je Khalu Indiyagejja" etc. explain the **nine stages of existence** (nav jirn paryay). The **time of action** (vyavahar kal) is the **state of existence** and the **time of certainty** (nishchay kal) is the **cause of change** (parinati) in the **existence of jiva, pudgala** etc. The gathas like "Kalo Parinambhavo" etc. explain both types of time. The **characteristics of dravya** are possible in this time. It has **dravya** (substance) because it is possible. It is **akaya** (non-body) because it does not have second or other regions. The gathas like "Ede Kalaagasa" etc. explain this. The **pure jiva** (soul) with **kevalgyan** (perfect knowledge) and **kevaldarshan** (perfect vision) is present within the five categories of existence. When it transforms into **vitrag nirvikalp samadhi** (state of complete detachment and equanimity), it becomes the **path of liberation** (nishchay moksha marg). The gathas like "Evam Pavayan Saar" etc. explain the **fruits of this path of liberation**. In this way, the eight gathas explain the **community** (samudaya) through the **six realms** (sthal).
Now, the **concrete and abstract nature of dravyas** and the **conscious and non-conscious nature of dravyas** are explained.
**General meaning:** (Aagasa, Kala, Jeeva) **Aakash** (space), **Kala** (time), **Jeeva** (soul), (Dhamma, Adhamma) **Dharma** (merit) and **Adharma** (demerit), (Muttiparihina) **amurta** (abstract) without form, (Ghoggal Davvam) **Pudgala dravya** (matter) is **murta** (concrete). (Tesu) In these six, (Khalu) definitely (Jeevo) **Jeeva dravya** (soul) is **cetana** (conscious).
**Specific meaning:** That which has **touch, taste, smell, and color** is called **murta** (concrete). That which does not have these qualities is called **amurta** (abstract). There are five **amurta** dravyas except **pudgala**. Although **jeeva** is definitely **amurta** (abstract) due to its **indivisible and single appearance** (akhand ek pratibhas may), it is also **murta** (concrete) in practice due to the **association** (samsarg) with **karma** (action) acquired by the **jeeva** which is **devoid of raga** (attachment) etc. and has the **inherent nature of bliss** (sahaja anand) and is **devoid of the realization of the true nature of the soul** (atma tattva bhavana). **Pudgala dravya** is **murta** (concrete) due to its **touch, taste, smell, and color**. **Jeeva** is **cetana** (conscious) due to its **infinite consciousness** (ananta chaitanya) which is **free from doubt** (sanshaya) etc. and has the **capacity to perceive itself and others** (swarapar parichchitti samarth). The others are **acetana** (non-conscious) due to the **absence of self-illuminating consciousness** (swarapar prakashka chaitanya). This is the meaning.