Panchastikay

SR No.: 090326
Original Sutra Author: Kundkundacharya
Author: Shreelal Jain Vyakaranshastri
Publisher: Bharat Varshiya Anekant Vidwat Parishad
Total Pages: 421
Language: Hindi, Sanskrit
Classification: Book_Devnagari, Philosophy, & Religion
File Size: 11 MB

Page 224

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पद्रव्य-पंचास्तिकायवर्णन परमाणोहि मूर्तत्वनिबन्धनभूताः स्पर्शरसगंधवर्णा आदेशमात्रेणैव भिधते, वस्तुतस्तु यथा तस्य स एव प्रदेश आदिः, स एवं मध्यं, स एवांत: इांते, एवं द्रव्यगुणयोरविभक्तप्रदेशत्वात् य एव परमाणोः प्रदेशः, स एव स्पर्शस्य, स एव रसस्य, स एव गंधस्य, स एष रूपस्येति । सत; क्वचित्परमाणौ गंधगुणे, क्वचित् गंधरसगुणयोः, क्वचित् गंधरसरूपगुणेषु अपकृष्यमाणेषु तदविभक्तप्रदेशः परमाणुरेव विनश्यतीति न तदपकों युक्तः । ततः पृथिव्यप्तेजोवायुरूपस्य धातुचतुष्कस्यैक एव परमाणुः कारण परिणामवशात् विचित्रो हि परमाणोः परिणामगुणः क्वचित्कस्यचिद् गुणस्य व्यक्तव्यक्तत्वेन विचित्रां परिणतिमादधाति । यथा च तस्य परिणामवशादठ्यक्तो गंधादिगुणोऽस्तीति प्रतिज्ञायते, न तथा शब्दोऽप्यव्यक्तोऽस्तीति ज्ञातुं शक्यते तस्यैकप्रदेशस्यानेकप्रदेशात्मकेन शब्देन सहैकत्वविरोधादिति ।।७८।। ___अन्वयार्थ ( य: तु ) जो ( आदेशमात्रमूर्त: ) आदेशमात्रसे मूर्त है और ( धातुचतुष्कस्य कारणं ) जो [पृथ्वी आदि] चार धातुओंका कारण है ( सः ) वह ( परमाणुः ज्ञेयः ) परमाणु जानना ( परिणामगुण: ) जो कि परिणामगुणवाला है और ( स्वयम् अशब्दः ) स्वयं अशब्द
टीका-परगाणु भिन्न-भिन्न जातिके होनेका यह खंडन है।
मूर्तत्वके कारणभूत स्पर्श-रस-गंध-वर्णका, परमाणुसे आदेशमात्रसे आदेशमात्र द्वारा (कथन मात्र में ) ही भेद किया जाता है, वस्तुत: तो जिस प्रकार परमाणुका वही प्रदेश आदि है, वही मध्य है और वही अन्त है, उसी प्रकार द्रव्य और गुणके अभित्र प्रदेश होनेसे, जो परमाणुका प्रदेश है, वही स्पर्शका है, वहीं गंधका है, वही रसका है, वहीं रूपका है । इसलिये किसी परमाणुमें गंधगुण कम हो, (निकाल लिया जाय ) किसी परमाणुमे गधगुण और रसगुण कम हो, किसी परमाणुमें गंधगुण, रसगुण और रूपगुण कम हो, तो उस गुणसे अभिन्न प्रदेशी परमाणु ही विनष्ट हो जायेगा। इसलिये किसी भी गुणकी न्यूनता युक्त ( उचित ) नहीं है। इसलिये पृथ्वी, जल, अग्नि और वायुरूप चार धातुओंका, परिणामके कारण, एक ही परमाणु कारण है क्योंकि विचित्र ऐसा परमाणुका परिणामगुण कहीं किसी गुणकी व्यक्ताव्यक्तता द्वारा विचित्र परिणतिको धारण करता है।
और जिस प्रकार परमाणुमें परिणामके कारण अव्यक्त गंधादिगुण हैं ऐसा ज्ञात होता है उसी प्रकार शब्द भी अव्यक्त है ऐसा नहीं जाना जा सकता, क्योंकि एकप्रदेशी परमाणुको अनेकप्रदेशात्मक शब्दके साथ एकत्व होनेमें विरोध है ।।७८।। ___ सं० ता0 -अथ पृथिव्यादिजातिभन्नाः परमाणवो न संतीति निश्चिनोति, आदेसमेत्तमुत्तोआदेशमात्रमूर्त: आदेशमात्रेण संज्ञादिभेदेनैव परमाणोर्मूर्तत्वनिबंधनभूता वर्णादिगुणा भियंते पृथक्

Translation AI Generated

## Translation:

**220**

**Description of the Five Categories of Substance**

The qualities of touch, taste, smell, and color, which are the basis of the materiality of atoms, are differentiated only by designation. In reality, just as the same region is the beginning, middle, and end of an atom, so too, because the substance and its qualities are inseparable in their region, the same region is that of the atom, that of touch, that of taste, that of smell, and that of color. Therefore, if in some atoms the quality of smell is diminished, in some the qualities of smell and taste are diminished, and in some the qualities of smell, taste, and color are diminished, then the atom, inseparable from that quality, would be destroyed. Therefore, the diminution of any quality is not appropriate. Hence, the four elements of earth, water, fire, and air have only one atom as their cause, because the varied quality of the atom, due to its transformation, sometimes assumes a varied outcome through the manifestation or non-manifestation of some quality. Just as it is acknowledged that the qualities of smell, etc., are present in an unmanifest form in the atom due to its transformation, so too, it is not possible to know that sound is also present in an unmanifest form, because there is a contradiction in the unity of a single-region atom with sound, which is multi-regional. || 78 ||

**Commentary:**

This is a refutation of the view that atoms are of different types.

The qualities of touch, taste, smell, and color, which are the basis of materiality, are differentiated from atoms only by designation (i.e., by name). In reality, just as the same region is the beginning, middle, and end of an atom, so too, because the substance and its qualities are inseparable in their region, the same region is that of the atom, that of touch, that of taste, that of smell, and that of color. Therefore, if in some atoms the quality of smell is diminished, in some the qualities of smell and taste are diminished, and in some the qualities of smell, taste, and color are diminished, then the atom, inseparable from that quality, would be destroyed. Therefore, the diminution of any quality is not appropriate. Hence, the four elements of earth, water, fire, and air have only one atom as their cause, because the varied quality of the atom, due to its transformation, sometimes assumes a varied outcome through the manifestation or non-manifestation of some quality.

Just as it is acknowledged that the qualities of smell, etc., are present in an unmanifest form in the atom due to its transformation, so too, it is not possible to know that sound is also present in an unmanifest form, because there is a contradiction in the unity of a single-region atom with sound, which is multi-regional. || 78 ||

**Translation of the Sanskrit Text:**

Therefore, it is established that there are no atoms of different types like earth, etc. The qualities like color, etc., which are the basis of the materiality of atoms, are differentiated only by designation (i.e., by name).