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## Description of the Six Substances and Five Astikayas
**Sanskrit Text:**
Atha skandhanam vyavhaareṇa pudgalatvam vyavasthāpayati, bādarasūksmagatānām skandhānām pudgal iti vyavahāro bhavati. Tadyathā. Yathā śuddhaniścayena sattāchaitanyabodhādiśuddhaprāṇaiḥ yo'sau jīvati sa kila siddhārūpo jīvaḥ vyavahāreṇa punarāyuḥprabhṛtyaśuddhaprāṇaiḥ yo'sau jīvānta guṇasthānamārgaṇādibhede bhitraḥ so'pi jīvaḥ tathā "varṇagandharasasparśaḥ pūraṇam galatam ca yat. Kurvanti skandhavattasmāt pudgalāḥ paramāṇavaḥ" iti ślokakathitalakṣaṇāḥ paramāṇavaḥ kila niścayena pudgalā bhavanti. Vyavahāreṇa punarṇukādyanantaparamaṇupinḍārūpāḥ bādarasūksmagataskaṇḍhā api vyavahriyante. Te honti chhapphayārā - te bhavanti ṣaṭprakārāḥ. Yaiḥ kiṁ kṛtam. ṇipppaṇṇam jehiṁ telokkam - yair niṣpannam trailokyam iti. Idam atra tātparyam lokyante jīvādipadārthā yatra sa loka iti vacanāt pudgalādisadravyair niṣpanno'yam lokaḥ na cānyena kenāpi puruṣaviśeṣeṇā kriyate dhriyate veti. || 76 ||
**Hindi Text:**
Uthānika - Āge kahate hain ki skandhonmen vyavahāranayase pudgalpanā hai.
Anvayasahit sāmanȳārth - (bādarasahumgadāṇam) bādar aur sūksma pariṇamanako prāpt (khandhāṇam) skandhonko (poggaloti) ye pudgal hai aisa (vavahāro) vyavahār hai. (te) ve skandh (chhapphayārā) chha prakarake (hoti) hote hain (jehiṁ) jinase (telokkaṁ) yah tin lok (ṇipppaṇṇam) racā huā hai.
Viśeṣārth - śuddha niścayanyase sukh sattā chaitanya bodh ādi śuddha prāṇonse jo jītā hai vah vāstavamēṁ siddha svarūpa jīva hai. Vyavahārase jo āyu, bal, indriya, śvāsochchhvās aśuddha prāṇonse jītā hai tatha jiske caudah guṇasthān va caudah mārgaṇā ādike bhedase anek bhed hai so bhi jīva hain. Vaise hi niścayase paramāṇu hi pudgal dravya kahe jate hain jaisa ki is ślokamēṁ kahā gayā hai
jo sparśa, rasa, gandha varṇaka pariṇaman dvārā pūraṇ galan karate rahte hain arthāt jinamēṁ ye cār guṇ apane anśonse vrddhi hāni kiyā karate hain ve paramāṇu skandhonki tarah pudal kahe jate hain. Vyavahār nayase do paramāṇuke skandhase lagākar ananta paramāṇuonke piṇḍ tak bādar tatha sūksma avasthāko prāpt jo skandh hain unako bhi pudgal hain aisa vyavahār kiyā hātā hai. Ve chha prakar hain jinase hi tin lokaki racanā hai. Yahān yah tātparyam hai ki jahān jīva ādi padārth dikhlai paḍate hain use hi lok kahate hain. Is vacanase pudgal ādi chha dravyonse yah lok racā huā hai aur anya kisi viśeṣa puruṣane na ise banāyā hai, na yah kisi ke dvārā nāś hotā hai aur na yah kisi ke dvārā dhāraṇ kiyā huā hai. 176 ||
**English Translation:**
This text describes the concept of pudgal (matter) in Jain philosophy, specifically focusing on the six substances (ṣaḍdravya) and the five astikayas (types of matter).
It states that while in absolute knowledge (niścaya), only atoms (paramāṇu) are considered pudgal, in practical knowledge (vyavahāra), even aggregates of atoms, including those in subtle and gross forms (bādarasūksmagataskaṇḍhā), are considered pudgal.
These aggregates of atoms are classified into six types (ṣaṭprakārāḥ), which are responsible for the creation of the three realms (trailokya). The text emphasizes that the three realms are not created by any particular being (puruṣaviśeṣa) but are formed by the six substances, including pudgal.
The text also mentions that the living being (jīva) is considered a pure being (siddhārūpa) in absolute knowledge, but in practical knowledge, it is categorized based on its various characteristics, including its lifespan, strength, senses, and breath.
The text concludes by stating that the three realms are composed of the six substances, including pudgal, and are not created, destroyed, or maintained by any particular being.