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## Glossary of Terms
**1.**
**Jina Ninda:** Slander of the Jina (Tirthankara), the liberated, omniscient being. It involves accusing them of falsehoods and faults.
**Jiva:** A living being, possessing the five senses (indriya), strength (bala), lifespan (ayu), breath (shwasoচ্ছ্বাস), and inherent qualities (maya pran) like knowledge (jnana), perception (darshan), etc.
**Jiva Mipaka Prakriti:** The nature that produces results in the form of destruction of the inherent qualities like knowledge, etc., in the Jiva.
**Navasamas:** The collection of all beings (Jivas) through the practice of the right faith (dharma) like that of the Jinas. It is also called Jivasamas or Jivasthan.
**Bugapsa Mohmipakarma:** The karma that causes disgust (ghrina) at the sight of repulsive objects, with or without a reason.
**Shaan:** The act of the soul (atma) knowing the past, present, and future, including all virtues, their qualities, and synonyms. It also refers to knowing the specific aspect of a general object.
**Shaanavaran Karma:** The karma that covers the knowledge (jnana) aspect of the soul.
**Manopyog:** The act of choosing and accepting each object separately based on its specific qualities.
**Vistaras Namakarma:** The karma that causes the body fluids of the Jiva to become thick and sticky like molasses or black sesame seeds.
**Tiryanch:** A being that is crooked in thought, speech, and action. They have improper food habits, are ignorant, move in a crooked way, and have a lot of sins. They are also called Tiryanch due to the emergence of the Tivagati Namakarma.
**Kati Mamakarma:** The karma that causes the Jiva to be called Tiryanch due to its resulting qualities.
**Tichayu:** The karma that causes the Jiva to live a life of Tiryanch existence.
**Tithankar Namakarma:** The karma that leads to the attainment of the Tithankar (Tirthankara) status.