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## Glossary of Terms
**Uṇmārga Deśa:** The path of liberation, the path that leads to the cessation of suffering.
**Upadeśa:** Teaching, instruction, especially regarding the nature of the world and its causes and effects.
**Dharma-viparīta Śikṣā:** Teaching that contradicts the true nature of Dharma (righteousness).
**Upakaraṇa Dravyeṇdriya:** The sense organ that is instrumental in the destruction of the power of the karmic particles (karma) that bind the soul to the cycle of birth and death.
**Paravāta-śānīya:** The destruction of the instruments of knowledge and liberation.
**Sapnāta Nāmakarma:** The karma that causes the soul to experience dreams, visions, and other mental phenomena.
**Upaghāta Nāmakarma:** The karma that causes the soul to experience pain, suffering, and other negative experiences.
**Upapāta Janma:** The initial formation of the body from the karmic particles (karma) that are present at the time of birth.
**Upabhogātarāya Karma:** The karma that prevents the soul from enjoying the fruits of its actions, even though it has the potential to do so.
**Upayoga:** The soul's ability to perceive and interact with the world.
**Upayoga Bhāveṇdriya:** The sense organ that is responsible for the soul's perception of the world.
**Gparasṣakāla:** The period of time between the death of one body and the birth of another.
**Savareṇu:** A unit of measurement equal to eight maṇ-lahiṇka.
**Rājya-spardhā Nāmakarma:** The karma that causes the soul to experience intense heat and burning sensations.
**Apaśama:** The state of karma in which it is not manifested in the present life.
**Upāśama:** The state of karma in which it is not capable of being manifested in the future.
**Upāśamani:** The category of karma that is destroyed by the practice of non-violence, truthfulness, and other virtues.
**Upāśāntakavāya Dhītarāga Chhadmastha Gugalyāna:** The state of the soul in which the passions (kṣayās) have been subdued, the attachment to the world has been eradicated, and the soul is free from the veils of ignorance.
**Upāśāntārā:** The state of perfect liberation, the ultimate goal of Jainism.