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## Karmagrantha Maag Four
There are forty-three **bandha-hetu** (causes of bondage) excluding the four **karman** (karmic actions), **anantaanubandhi** (infinitely connected), and the **chaturshka** (four).
**183**
1. In the **Aviratasamyadrishti** (unwavering perception) **gunasthan** (stage of spiritual development), there are forty-six **bandha-hetu** in total, including the aforementioned forty-three, **karman**, **auvarikamitra** (friend of the world), and **vaikriyamishra** (mixed with the world).
In the **Deshaviriti** (renunciation of worldly attachments) **gunasthan**, there are forty-one **bandha-hetu** excluding the seven: **karman**, **auvarikamishra**, **tras** (fear), **avirati** (non-renunciation), and the **apratyakhyanavaran-chaturshka** (fourfold veil of non-rejection).
In the **Pramattasanyata** (controlled by the senses) **gunasthan**, there are twenty-six **bandha-hetu** excluding the fifteen: eleven **avirati**, **varan** (choice), and the **tuka** (two).
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**Pratyarupaana**
In the **Aparammatasanyata** (uncontrolled by the senses) **gunasthan**, there are twenty-four **bandha-hetu** excluding the two **mishra** (mixed) **vika** (types of karmic actions): **vaiktiy-mishra** (individual mixed) and **aaharaka-mishra** (food mixed).
In the **Apuurvakaran** (unprepared) **gunasthan**, there are twenty-two **bandha-hetu** excluding the two **kayayoga** (body-related actions): **vaiktiy-kayayoga** (individual body-related) and **aaharaka-kayayoga** (food body-related).
**55** || **26** || **57**
**Maavarth** - In the 51st and 52nd **gatha** (verses), fifty-seven **bandha-hetu** are mentioned. Out of these, fifty-five **bandha-hetu** are found in the first **gunasthan** excluding the two **aaharaka-dwika** (two food-related). The **aaharaka-dwika** are related to **samyama** (self-control), which is absent in this **gunasthan**.
The absence of **samyama** in this **gunasthan** is the reason for the absence of **aaharaka-dwika**.
In the second **gunasthan**, all five **mithyatva** (false beliefs) are absent. Therefore, fifty **bandha-hetu** are mentioned excluding them.
In the third **gunasthan**, **anantaanubandhi** are absent because their emergence is limited to the second **gunasthan**. Also, due to the absence of death in this **gunasthan**, the three **yoga** (actions): **aavartika-mishra**, **vaikriyamishra**, and **aavartika-mishra** are also absent. Thus, in the third **gunasthan**, seven **bandha-hetu** are reduced, leaving forty-three **bandha-hetu** out of the aforementioned fifty.