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## Gommatasar Karmakanda-5
**General Karma is classified into two types based on substance and state:**
* **Karma** is one type in general, but two types in terms of substance and state.
* **Pudgalpinda** is called **dravya karma** (substance karma), and the power to produce results within it is called **bhavakarma** (state karma).
**Explanation:**
* The effects produced by the power of the cause in action, such as ignorance, anger, etc., are also **bhavakarma**.
**General Karma is also classified into eight types, or one hundred and forty-eight, or countless types:**
* **Karma** is also eight types, or one hundred and forty-eight, or countless types.
* Among these eight types, there are two categories: **ghaatiya** (destructive) and **aghaatiya** (non-destructive).
**The eight types of Karma are:**
* **Jnanavarana** (knowledge obscuring), **darshanavarana** (perception obscuring), **vedaniya** (experiential), **mohaniya** (delusive), **ayu** (life span), **nama** (name), **gotra** (lineage), and **antaraya** (hindrance) are the eight fundamental natures (swabhava) of karma.
**Classification of ghaatiya and aghaatiya karma:**
* **Jnanavarana**, **darshanavarana**, **mohaniya**, and **antaraya** are the four **ghaatiya** karmas, as they destroy the qualities (devatvarup) of the soul.
* **Ayu**, **nama**, **gotra**, and **vedaniya** are the four **aghaatiya** karmas, as they do not destroy the qualities (devatva prakat hone rup) of the soul.
**Notes:**
* 1. Pra. Pan. San. Prakriti Samutkirtanadhikarika Gatha 2, Param Tantra Gathaottarardhe "Aauganama Godam Tahantaraayam Cha Mulaao" itipath.
* 2. J.D. Pustak 1, Page 67.