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## Translation:
**Chapter 56-57**
**Guṇasthān / 61**
This Guṇasthān is called **Aupaśamik** because it reduces many **Tṛkṛti** (negative karmas) and will further reduce many in the future. It is also called **Kṣāyik** because it destroys many **Prakṛti** (karmas) and will destroy many more in the future.
**Doubt:** Why are there not two separate Guṇasthāns, one for **Kṣapak** (destroying) and one for **Upaśāmak** (reducing)?
**Solution:** No, because the similarity between the two (Kṣapak and Upaśāmak) arises from the similarity in the **Anivṛtti** (non-manifestation) of the **Pariṇāma** (results) that are the cause of this Guṇasthān. In other words, both Upaśāmak and Kṣapak share the same characteristic of non-manifestation.
Since all beings up to the tenth Guṇasthān have **Kaṣāya** (passions), the **Saṃyata** (self-controlled) are found with **Yata** (effort) in relation to Kaṣāya. Therefore, there is a possibility of doubt arising in the minds of those with **Manda-buddhi** (slow intellect) up to the tenth Guṇasthān. Hence, it is necessary to use the qualifier **Saṃyata** to remove this doubt.
At the time of entering the **Nivṛttikaraṇa Guṇasthān**, all **Karma** (actions) are simultaneously **Prastaupaśāma** (initial reduction), **Nivṛttikaraṇa** (cessation), and **Nikācanakaraṇa** (removal). Among them, the karmas that are capable of **Karṣaṇa** (attraction), **Utkarsaṇa** (elevation), and **Paraprakṛti-saṃkramaṇa** (transition to another nature) and are naturally inclined to **Risa** (relapse) against **Udirana** (stimulation) are capable of being **Apākṛṣṭa** (repelled) in the **Udayasthiti** (state of manifestation). This is called **Apraśasta Upaśāmanā** (unrefined reduction) and its name is **Apraśastaupaśāmanakaraṇa**. Similarly, the karma that is capable of **Ākarṣaṇa** (attraction) and **Utkarsaṇa** (elevation) without **Aviruddha** (opposition) and is not capable of **Udaya** (manifestation) and **Paraprakṛti-saṃkramaṇa** (transition to another nature) is **Nivṛttikaraṇa** (cessation). The karma that is incapable of **Udaya** (manifestation), **Paraprakṛti-saṃkramaṇa** (transition to another nature), **Utkarsaṇa** (elevation), and **Apākṛṣaṇa** (repulsion) and is bound in **Avasthāna** (state) is **Avasthāna-viśeṣa Nikācanakaraṇa** (specific state removal). Before the **Anivṛtti Guṇasthān**, these three **Karaṇa** (processes) were active, but they cease at the time of entering the **Anivṛttikaraṇa Guṇasthān**. When these three **Karaṇa** (processes) cease, all karmas become capable of **Apākṛṣaṇa** (repulsion), **Saṃkarṣaṇa** (attraction), **Udirana** (stimulation), and **Paraprakṛti-saṃkramaṇa** (transition to another nature).
In the **Nivṛttikaraṇa Guṇasthān**, the **Sthitibandha** (duration of a state) decreases gradually, reaching an **Asankhyāta** (innumerable) part of **Patyopam** (a unit of time). After that, when **Saṃkhyāta** (countable) thousands of **Sthitikaṇḍa** (units of duration) have passed, the **Jñānāvaraṇa** (knowledge obscuring), **Darśanāvaraṇa** (perception obscuring), and **Antarāya** (hindering) karmas begin to **Anubhāgabandha** (gradually bind) in **Deśa** (region). After **Saṃkhyāta** (countable) thousands of **Sthitibandha** (duration of a state) have passed after **Deśa** (region), **Antarakaṇa** (internal purification) occurs.
A special feature is that when **Saṃkhyāta** (countable) many parts of the **Anivṛttikaraṇa Guṇasthān** have passed in the **Kṣapak** (destroying) series and a **Saṃkhyāta** (countable) part remains, before **Antarakaṇa** (internal purification), the **Kṣapak** destroys **Darśanāvaraṇa** (perception obscuring) **Dvitrika** (two-fold) and **Nāmakarma** (name karma) **Naraka-gati** (hellish rebirth) etc., a total of **133** **Prakṛti** (karmas). After that, it destroys **Pratyākyānāvaraṇa** (rejection obscuring) and **Apratyaakyānāvaraṇa** (non-rejection obscuring) **Krodha** (anger), **Māna** (pride), **Māyā** (deceit), and **Loba** (greed). However, the **Kaṣāya-prābhṛta** (teaching about passions) states that it first destroys **Kaṣāya** (passions) and then destroys the **16** **Prakṛti** (karmas). To reconcile these two statements, the **Tīkā** (commentary) states...
**References:**
1. **Pu. 1, p. 104, 105, 16, 17**
2. **Dh. Pu. 1, 185**