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## Translation:
**Usage/735**
Usage is the result of the activity of the soul, which is the essence of consciousness and does not exist anywhere else except in consciousness.
**Doubt:** What are the external causes?
**Verse 672-675:**
**Solution:** There are two types of external causes: those related to the soul and those not related to the soul. The senses like eyes, etc., which are formed in the body associated with the soul, are external causes related to the soul. A lamp, on the other hand, is an external cause not related to the soul.
**Doubt:** What are the internal causes?
**Solution:** Internal causes are also of two types: those related to the soul and those not related to the soul. The internal cause not related to the soul is the internal activity of the soul, which is the result of the interaction of the soul with the categories of mind, speech, and body. This interaction is the internal cause.
**When both these causes are present, the result is the activity of the soul, which is the manifestation of the soul's consciousness. This activity is called usage, and it is the characteristic of the soul.**
**Sadvidvidho'shtachaturbhedah ||2|| [Tattvarthasutra]**
- This usage is of two types: concrete usage and abstract usage. Concrete usage is of eight types, and abstract usage is of four types. Concrete usage is knowledge, and abstract usage is perception.
**Usogo duvippo dansanaganam cha dansanam chadusha. Chakkhu chakkhu shrohi dansanamadi kevalam neyam ||4|| [Vrihad Dravyasangraha]**
**Ganam praduviyayam madi sudi shrohi pranananaraarikha. Marapjayakevalamavi pachapavakhabheyan cha. ||5|| [Vrihad Dravyasangraha]**
- Usage is of two types based on the distinction between knowledge and perception. Of these, perceptional usage is of four types: visual perception, extra-visual perception, clairvoyance, and omniscience. Knowledge is of eight types: intellectual knowledge, scriptural knowledge, clairvoyance, intellectual belief, scriptural belief, clairvoyant belief, mind-perception, and omniscience. These have two divisions: direct and indirect.
**Doubt:** What is meant by concrete usage and abstract usage?
**Solution:** Usage that is accompanied by form is knowledge usage, because it is accompanied by form.
1. S. Si. 2/6 | 2. Ra. Ba. 2/8/10 3. Ra. Ba. 2/6 | 4. "Sakaram jnanam anakaram darshanamiti" [S. Si. 2/6]