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32/Mo. Ma. Jivakanda
Gatha 30-31
One who is not completely restrained due to the arising of the Pratikyanavarana Kshaya, but is restrained in some ways, is called a Deshavrat (Anuvat). Therefore, Deshavrat, meaning Anuvan or Desasanayama, is the fifth Gunasthan. ||30||
A being who has unwavering faith in the Jina Dev, and at the same time is free from harming living beings, but not free from harming stationary beings, is called Viratavirat. ||31||
Special Meaning: There are four types of Kshaya: Anantanubandhi, Apratikyanavarana, Pratikyanavarana, and Sanjwalan. Of these, the third, Pratikyanavarana, destroys complete restraint, but not Desasanayama. It is also said:
"The first, Anantanubandhi Kshaya, destroys Samyagdarshan. The second, Apratikyanavarana Kshaya, destroys Desasanayama, meaning it is harmful to Ekadeshaviriti. The third, Pratikyanavarana Kshaya, is harmful to complete restraint, and the fourth, Sanjwalan Kshaya, is harmful to Charitra, as is known." [Pra. Pan. San. A. 1]
Therefore, when the third, Pratikyanavarana Kshaya, arises, complete restraint cannot be achieved, but there is no obstacle to the practice of Stokavrat, meaning Deshavrat, because the second, Apratikyanavarana Kshaya, which is harmful to Deshavrat, has its influence in the fifth Gunasthan.
One who is restrained but also unrestrained is called Sanayatasanayat or Viratavirat.
Doubt: One who is restrained cannot be unrestrained, and one who is unrestrained cannot be restrained, because restraint and unrestraint (Virat and Avirat) are mutually contradictory. Therefore, Viratavirat cannot be the fifth Gunasthan.
_Solution: There are two types of contradiction: Parashparaparihar Lakshna Vigeta and Sahananvastha Lakshna Virodh. Of these, Parashparaparihar Lakshna Virodh is desirable in the infinite qualities of a substance. If the existence of qualities is not considered to be mutually exclusive, then there is a possibility of the loss of their nature. However, Sahananvastha Lakshna Virodh is not possible in qualities. If it is assumed that the simultaneous existence of qualities is considered to be contradictory, then the existence of the substance itself cannot be established. Because the existence of a substance is dependent on Anekanta. That which is capable of performing an action is a substance, but that action cannot be established in Ekant, because if the action is considered to be one, then it cannot be repeatedly achieved, and if it is considered to be many, then it will have the fault of Anvastha. Therefore, there is a contradiction in the existence of action in Ekant.
1. This Gatha is found at the end of the commentary on Dh. Pu. 1 Sutra 13, on page 175, but the text there is as follows:
"Jo tas-vahau viro aviryo, tah ya bavar-vahayo. Ekk-samayamhi jiva viraya-viro jinekrammai. ||112||"