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568 / Go, Sa, Jiva Kanda
Verse 482-4-3: The productive effort is not dependent on the external. If this is not accepted, then the context of the performance of the Kevali, who has a weak covering and internal use, without effort, is found.
The effort that is made for the origin of knowledge that is going to happen, that section or observation of that form or one's own soul, is Darshan. The reception of the substance in the form of an alternative in its infinite external object is knowledge. Just as a man is first situated, making an alternative about the pot, then his mind is for knowing the cloth. Then that man, moving away from the alternative of the pot, the effort that he makes in the form of observation-section in the form, is Darshan. After that, the certainty that 'this is cloth' or the alternative that is in the form of reception of the substance in the form of an external object, is knowledge.
The disciple asks, if Darshan is the one who receives himself and knowledge is the one who receives other objects, then, as in the opinion of the Naiyayikas, knowledge does not know itself, in the same way, in Jainism, knowledge does not know the soul, such a defect arises?
Solution - In the opinion of the Naiyayikas, knowledge and Darshan are not two separate qualities. For this reason, in the opinion of those Naiyayikas, the defect of 'the form of knowing the soul' is considered, but in Jain theory, the soul knows the other object through the knowledge quality and knows itself through the Darshan quality, for this reason, the defect of 'not knowing the soul' is not found in Jainism.
Doubt - Why does this defect not arise?
Solution - Just as one fire burns, therefore it is a burner and cooks, for this reason it is a digester, the fire is of two types, burner and digester, due to the difference in the object. In the same way, from the point of view of non-difference, the consciousness is one, in the desire of the point of view of difference, when the soul is inclined to receive itself, then its name is 'Darshan'; and then when it is inclined to receive other objects, then the name of that consciousness is 'knowledge'. Thus, due to the difference in the object, consciousness is of two types.
From the point of view of argument (from the point of view of explaining the other opinions, i.e., those who hold other opinions), Darshan is in the form of observation of existence, such is the explanation. From the point of view of the principle, Darshan is in the form of observation of the soul.
If anyone, knowing the meaning of argument and principle, abandoning the one-sided prejudice, holding the middle ground from the division of Nayas, explains, then both the meaning of argument and the meaning of principle are proved. In argument, the main thing is the explanation of other opinions. Those who hold other opinions do not understand that 'Darshan is the one who receives the soul'. Then, to make them realize, the Acharyas established the name Darshan for the reception of the general in the external object from the gross explanation. The name knowledge was established for knowing the particular in the external object. Therefore, there is no fault, in the principle, the main thing is the explanation of one's own time, therefore, in the principle, while explaining subtly, the Acharyas have said that 'the one who is the receiver of the soul is called Darshan'. Therefore, there is no fault in this either.
1. Dhaval Pu. 6. 32-33. 2. Nanayasangraha Ga. 44's commentary. 3. Brihaddravyasangraha Ga. 44's commentary. 4. Brihaddravyasangraha Ma. 44's commentary. 5. Brihaddravyasangraha Ga. 44's commentary.