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## 388/Go. Ma. Jivakar
## Verse 36
The first knowledge that arises after the coincidence of the object and the knower is **avagraha** (perception), and the knowledge that arises after **iha** (desire) and is influenced by doubt is **avayajnan** (doubtful knowledge). Therefore, there is no unity between these two types of knowledge, **avagraha** and **avayajnan**.
**Doubt:** Is **avayajnan** **shrutagyan** (scriptural knowledge) because it arises from the **shanka-ling** (doubtful sign)?
**Solution:** Such a doubt should not be entertained, because the meaning that is distinct from the object grasped by **avagraha** is considered **shrutagyan** due to the **lamban haraleshali** (long-lasting) and **mislinganit buddhi** (confused intellect). However, **avayajnan** is concerned with the object grasped by **avagraha** and arises after **ihagyan** (desiring knowledge), therefore it cannot be **shrutagyan**.
**Doubt:** **Pravayajnan** (doubtful knowledge) cannot be **matijnan** (intellectual knowledge) because it arises from the **palamban ghal** (mistake) of the **ling** (sign) determined by **iha** (desire). For example, **anumana** (inference)?
**Solution:** This is not the case, because there is a contradiction in saying that **avayajnan** which is concerned with the object grasped by **avagraha** and arises from the **ling** (sign) determined by **iha** (desire) is not **matijnan**, and **anumana** (inference) is not concerned with the object grasped by **avagraha**, because it arises in another object, i.e., another object, due to the strength of the **ling** (sign) determined by **avagraha**.
**Dharana** (retention) is that which does not forget the object of knowledge. **Dharana** is the non-forgetting of the object determined by **avayajnan** in the future. The knowledge that produces **sanskaras** (impressions) in the soul due to non-forgetting in the future, i.e., in the coming time, is called **dharana**. The knowledge that is the cause of non-forgetting of the object known by **avayajnan** in the future is **dharana**. For example, the knowledge that "This is the same **balaka** (child) that we saw this morning" is **dharana**.
**Doubt:** Are **iha** (desire), **avayajnan** (doubtful knowledge), and **dharana** (retention) unreliable because they are **phalajnan** (fruitful knowledge)?
**Solution:** It is not right to say so, because if we accept this, then **avagraha** (perception) also becomes unreliable because it is the fruit of seeing. Secondly, all knowledge is available in the form of action, therefore **iha** (desire), **avayajnan** (doubtful knowledge), and **dharana** (retention) are unreliable?
**Doubt:** Are **iha** (desire), **avayajnan** (doubtful knowledge), and **dharana** (retention) unreliable because they are **grihitgrahi** (grasping the grasped)?
**Solution:** It is not right to say so, because no knowledge is available that grasps the meaning that is completely ungrasped. Secondly, grasping the grasped meaning is not the cause of unreliability, because unreliability is seen only in knowledge that is **sanshaya** (doubt), **viparaya** (error), and **anadhyavasaya** (indecision).
:
1. Dhaval Pu. 6 p. 18. 2. Dhaval Pu. 6 p. 148. 3. Dhaval Pu. 6 p. 144. 5. Dhaval Pu. 13 p. 218-216.
4. Dhaval p. 6 p. 18.