Disclaimer: This translation does not guarantee complete accuracy, please confirm with the original page text.
## 250 / Mo. Sa. Jivakanda
## Chapter 101
**(Pratarangul)** ... The portion of the **Sūcyangula** (a unit of measurement) is divided into **Sūcyangula** parts. This is used to determine the number of **Panchendriya** (five-sensed) **Paryāpta** (perfect) beings.
**(Sanyātavaṅga)** This is a part of the **Jagatpratar** (the universe). When **Sūcyangula** is divided by an **asankhyāta** (innumerable) part of **Prāvali** (a unit of time), the resulting quotient is **Pratarangul**. When this **Pratarangul** is squared, it gives the number of **Jīvas** (living beings).
1. **Pratarangul** is the **avahārakāla** (duration of existence) of **Triendriya** (three-sensed) **Paryāpta** beings.
To calculate the **avahārakāla** of different types of beings:
* **Dwīndriya** (two-sensed) **aparyāpta** (imperfect) beings: Divide the **avahārakāla** of **Dwīndriya** beings by an **asankhyāta** part of **Prāvali** and add the quotient to the **avahārakāla** of **Dwīndriya** beings.
* **Triendriya** (three-sensed) beings: Divide the **avahārakāla** of **Dwīndriya** **aparyāpta** beings by an **asankhyāta** part of **Prāvali** and add the quotient to the **avahārakāla** of **Dwīndriya** **aparyāpta** beings.
* **Caturindriya** (four-sensed) **aparyāpta** beings: Divide the **avahārakāla** of **Triendriya** beings by an **asankhyāta** part of **Prāvali** and add the quotient to the **avahārakāla** of **Triendriya** beings.
* **Panchendriya** (five-sensed) **aparyāpta** beings: Divide the **avahārakāla** of **Caturindriya** **aparyāpta** beings by an **asankhyāta** part of **Prāvali** and add the quotient to the **avahārakāla** of **Caturindriya** **aparyāpta** beings.
* **Panchendriya** (five-sensed) **Paryāpta** beings: Multiply the **avahārakāla** of **Panchendriya** **aparyāpta** beings by an **asankhyāta** part of **Prāvali**. This gives the **avahārakāla** of **Panchendriya** **Paryāpta** beings.
* **Caturindriya** (four-sensed) **Paryāpta** beings: Divide the **avahārakāla** of **Panchendriya** **Paryāpta** beings by an **asankhyāta** part of **Prāvali** and add the quotient to the **avahārakāla** of **Panchendriya** **Paryāpta** beings.
* **Triendriya** (three-sensed) **Paryāpta** beings: Divide the **avahārakāla** of **Caturindriya** **Paryāpta** beings by an **asankhyāta** part of **Prāvali** and add the quotient to the **avahārakāla** of **Caturindriya** **Paryāpta** beings.
* **Dwīndriya** (two-sensed) **Paryāpta** beings: Divide the **avahārakāla** of **Triendriya** **Paryāpta** beings by an **asankhyāta** part of **Prāvali** and add the quotient to the **avahārakāla** of **Triendriya** **Paryāpta** beings.
By dividing the **Jagatpratar** by these **avahārakālas**, we can determine the number of **Jīvas** (living beings) in each category.
The above method is explained in both the **Tīkā** (commentary) by **Śrīmad Abhayacandrasuri** and the **Dhavala** (commentary) by **Ācārya Jinabhadragani**. While the methods differ slightly, the final number of **Jīvas** remains the same.
Thus, the **Indriyamārgaṇā** (chapter on senses) in the **Gommatasāra Jīvakanda** is complete.
8. **Kāyamārgaṇā** (chapter on bodies) is the chapter that explains the origin of **sthāvara** (immobile) beings. It is like a **Jīmadagi** (a type of tree) that bears fruit in the form of **Pṛthvīkāyādi** (earth, etc.) and **Chhadma** (false bodies). ||181||
1. **Dhavala** 3, p. 315-316.