Disclaimer: This translation does not guarantee complete accuracy, please confirm with the original page text.
## 118/Go. Sa. Jivakanda
**Verse 71: Special Meaning**
Although there are many beings and they are of many types (like earth, sand, stone, etc., and water, foam, ice, etc.; strong wind, storm, gentle breeze, etc.; wildfire, forest fire, flame, etc., fire; trees, grass, plants, etc., vegetation), all of them have one sense of touch. In relation to this common characteristic, all these countless beings are included in the category of one-sensed beings. All beings that are perceived or known through the intended common characteristic are included in one category. In the classification of beings, these categories are collected. The category in which they are collected is called the "Jivasamaas".
**Explanation of the Verse:**
The characteristic of Jivasamaas is "Tadsadrujugaranamjja, Aviruddhi hi Jubajavikammudaye".
**Meaning of the Verse:**
Jivasamaas is the "Tadbhavasadrushyasamanya" (common characteristic of the derived) that arises from the "Jatinamkarmaudaya" (emergence of the category-specific karma) with non-contradictory karmic natures in the middle of the four pairs (As, Badar, Paryapt, Pratyek).
**Special Meaning:**
The "Namakarma" (karmic action related to name) has eight natures: "S-Sthavar", "Badar-Sukshma", "Paryapt-Aparyapt", and "Pratyek Sadharan". Among these eight natures, "S-Badar-Paryapt-Pratyek" or "Tras-Badar-Aparyapt-Pratyek" are mutually non-contradictory. "Sras" contradicts with "Sthavar-Sukshma-Sadharan" (three). "Sthavar" contradicts with "As". The remaining six natures are non-contradictory, but "Sukshma" and "Badar" contradict each other. Similarly, the natures of the remaining two pairs also contradict each other.
When four non-contradictory natures from these eight natures are found, as much as possible, along with the emergence of one of the five "Jatinamkarmaudaya" (category-specific karmic action) like "Ekendirya" (one-sensed), then the "Tadbhava" (that which exists in them) i.e., the "Sadrushyasamanya" (common characteristic of similarity) is called "Jivasamaas".
For example, when "Prithvi Sthavarakaya-Badar-Paryapt-Pratyeknari" (earth, stationary body, Badar, sufficient, individual body) is combined with "Ekendirya Jatinamkarmaudaya" (emergence of one-sensed category-specific karmic action), and when "Jal Sthavarakaya Badar-Paryapt-Pratyek Sharira" (water, stationary body, Badar, sufficient, individual body) is combined with "Ekendirya Jatinamkarmaudaya", then in both of these, "Ekendirya Jati", "Sthavar", "Badar", "Paryapt", and "Pratyek" are common characteristics of similarity. Therefore, "Badar-Ekendirya-Paryapt" is one "Jivasamaas" for both of these.
"Sadrushyasamanya" is also called "Tiryaksamanya". For example, one black cow and another white cow; both have "Go-pana" (cow-ness) as a common characteristic of similarity.
"Sadrushparinamastiryak Khandamundadishu Gotvavath ||4||" [Parokshamukha: Chaturtha Samuddesha]
Meaning: "Sadrush" (similar) i.e., "Samanya Parinam" (common result) is "Tiryaksamanya". For example, "Khandhi-Mundi" (broken-headed) etc. cows have "Gopana" (cow-ness) in common.
This verse indicates that "Badar" and "Sukshma", and "Paryapt-Aparyapt" "Namakarmaudaya" (emergence of karmic action related to name) cause differences in "Jivasamaas".
1. Based on "Mandaprabodhini Tika".