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The question is about the distinction between the **Shree Sutra Kritanga Sutra** and the **Dravya Bhed** (distinction of substances). It argues that considering **Dravya Bhed** is irrelevant.
Jains accept **Aakash** (space) and **Kaal** (time) as substances. **Disha** (direction) is a component of **Aakash**, so it cannot be considered a separate substance.
The **Atma** (soul) is pervasive and its characteristic is **Upayog** (use). Jains accept it as a substance. **Man** (mind) is a specific form of **Pudgal** (matter). Therefore, it is included in the **Pudgal Dravya** (matter substance) like an atom. **Bhav** (emotion) is a quality of the **Jeev** (living being) and is therefore inherent in the **Atma**.
**Vaisheshik** philosophers argue that **Prithvi** (earth) exists due to the presence of **Prithvitva** (earthness). This is just their interpretation. There is no separate entity called **Prithvitva** that creates **Prithvi Dravya** (earth substance).
Everything in the world is a combination of **Samaanya** (general) and **Vishesh** (specific). For example, **Narasimha** (half-man, half-lion) has the characteristics of both **Manav** (human) and **Singh** (lion). Therefore, a **Ghata** (pot) is not completely identical to **Mrittika** (clay) because there is a clear distinction between them. However, they are not completely different either because the **Ghata** contains **Mrittika**. Therefore, the **Ghata** is partially different and partially identical to **Mrittika**. It is a substance of a different category. Similarly, **Narasimha** is not just a **Manav** because it also has the form of a **Singh**. It is also not a **Singh** because it has the form of a **Manav**. Therefore, due to the difference in **Shabd** (word), **Vishesh Gyan** (specific knowledge), and **Kary** (function), **Narasimha** is a substance of a different category.
**Vaisheshiks** believe that **Roop** (form), **Ras** (taste), **Gandh** (smell), and **Sparsh** (touch) are qualities of **Roop-Moort Dravya** (concrete substances). **Sankhya** (number), **Pariman** (quantity), **Prithaktva** (separateness), **Sanyog** (combination), **Vibhag** (division), **Paratva** (externality), and **Aparatva** (internality) are general qualities because they are present in all substances. **Buddhi** (intellect), **Sukha** (happiness), **Dukha** (suffering), **Ichchha** (desire), **Dvesh** (hatred), **Prayatna** (effort), **Dharma** (righteousness), **Adharma** (unrighteousness), and **Sanskar** (impressions) are qualities of the **Atma**. **Prithvi** and **Udk** (water) have **Gurutva** (gravity). **Prithvi**, **Jal** (water), and **Tej** (fire) have **Dravyatva** (substance). **Sneha** (smoothness) is only present in **Jal**. **Veg** (speed) is a **Sanskar** present in concrete substances. **Shabd** is a quality of **Aakash**.
Jains argue that **Sankhya** etc., which are general qualities, are not inherent qualities of **Roop** etc., but are **Upaadhi** (attributes) of other things. Therefore, they are not qualities. Even if they are considered qualities, they cannot be separated from substances. If they are separated, the very nature of the substance will cease to exist. According to the **Tattvarth Sutra** (Chapter 5), a substance is that which has qualities and **Paryaya** (modifications). A substance cannot exist without qualities. Therefore, by accepting a substance, one accepts its qualities. This is logical. It is not necessary to consider them as separate entities.
"**Tasyabhavastatvam**" - The essence of a substance is its **Bhav** (nature), **Dharma** (characteristic), or **Swaroop** (form). The quality that allows a substance to have **Shabd** is called **Shabd** according to the **Tattvatatvou** Sutra. A **Ghata** is **Rakta** (red) in color. **Jal** is **Aaharaka** (nourishing). All substances that have these qualities are called **Ghata**. Here, the **Bhav** of **Ghata** is **Ghatatva**, the **Bhav** of **Rakta** is **Raktatva**, the **Bhav** of **Aahar** is **Aaharakatva**, and the **Bhav** of **Jalavan** is **Jalavatva**.