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## Kushila Parijnaadhyayanam
**Commentary:** In this human realm, or in the realm of attaining the right to liberation (moksha), how does one attain liberation? In this context, those with minds clouded by ignorance, and those who are deluded and ignorant, misled by others, say that liberation is attained by giving up the consumption of salt.
**Explanation:** What is ingested and consumed is called food (aahar). Cooked rice, etc., is called food. What nourishes the essence of food is called aahar samapajjana. This refers to salt (lavan), because it is through salt that the essence of food is nourished and strengthened. Some people say that liberation is attained by giving up salt. Here, a different reading is found, "aahar sapannvajjaneṇa". This means that liberation is attained by giving up the consumption of five types of salt along with food. These five types of salt are: Saindhava, Sauvarchal, Vidam, Roum, and Samudra. All tastes are experienced and expressed through salt. It is said that taste without salt, senses without eyes, dharma without compassion, and happiness without contentment are not truly happiness. Salt is the best among all tastes, oil is the best among all oily substances, and ghee is the best among all nourishing substances. Therefore, giving up salt means giving up all tastes. And liberation is attained by giving up tastes alone, so say these ignorant people.
**Another reading:** "Aaharopad panchakavvajjaneṇa" is also found here. This means that liberation is attained by giving up the consumption of five things in food. This is the statement of some ignorant people. Here, in "aaharopad", the fifth case ending is formed by the grammatical rule "layalopekarmaṇipāñcamī". The five things to be given up in food are: garlic, onion, camel milk, cow meat, and alcohol. Some ignorant people claim that liberation is attained by giving up these five things.
**Another perspective:** Some Bhagavata specialists like Varibhadraka, etc., claim that liberation is attained by consuming cool water, water that is free from impurities. They present their reasoning: Just as water removes external impurities, it also cleanses internal impurities. Clothes, etc., are purified and cleansed by water. Thus, water has the power to cleanse external impurities. Seeing this, they believe that water cleanses internal impurities as well.
**Another perspective:** Some ascetics, those who follow traditional practices, and Brahmins, etc., claim that liberation is attained by performing fire sacrifices (havan). They say that a person, without desiring heaven, etc., satisfies the fire with offerings like fuel, sacrificial wood, and ghee. This fire sacrifice is for liberation. They attain liberation through this act. Those who perform fire sacrifices with the desire for heaven, etc., attain progress and elevation in the form of attaining heaven, etc. They present this reasoning: Fire burns away the impurities of gold. Thus, the power of fire to burn impurities is evident. It also burns away the internal impurities of the soul in the form of sins. This is certain.
**Conclusion:** Thus, the author of the sutras refutes these unconnected, inconsistent, rambling, and heterodox views.
**Verse 13:**
**Original:** पाओसिणांणादिसुणत्थि मोक्खो, खारस्स लोणस्स अणासएणं । ते मज्जमंसं लसुणं च भोच्चा, अनत्थ वासं परिकप्पयंति ॥१३॥
**Translation:** There is no liberation in bathing in the morning, etc., or by not eating salt. They eat marrow, meat, and garlic, and then they think about other things.