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## Introduction
The lineage of eloquent speakers, the lineage of Jasavansa, is increasing today. This is a song about the breaking of the karmic bonds, the path of liberation, and the various methods of purification. ||30||
This means that the lineage of the eloquent speaker, Aryanaagahasti, who is a master of Sanskrit and Prakrit grammar, who knows the various methods of purification of the body, the mind, the senses, and the soul, and who is a master of the nature of karma, is increasing. In the Svetambara tradition, he is said to be a disciple of Aryanandilakshapanaka.
From the epithets used in praise of both these teachers, it is clear that both were great masters of the profound principles of Shruta Sagar, influential teachers, experts in karma, and the crown jewels of their respective lineages. Therefore, according to Acharya Veersen, it is certain that both these teachers were experts in the essence of the Kasayapahuduka verses, and both had received complete knowledge of them from Acharya Yativrishabha.
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Acharya Veersen has described Yativrishabha as a disciple of Aryamanksu and a resident disciple of Naagahasti. Although the words "disciple" and "resident disciple" are considered synonymous, from the perspective of linguistics, both words have their own distinct significance. A disciple is one who receives knowledge and ethical education and initiation from a teacher. However, one who, after receiving knowledge and ethical education from a teacher, continues to serve and attend to the teacher's needs throughout the teacher's life, remaining in their presence and constantly engaging in the pursuit of knowledge, is called a resident disciple.
If we accept the meaning derived from the etymology of the words, then we must acknowledge that both terms used by Acharya Veersen are accurate and highly significant.
Here, the question arises naturally: If Yativrishabha received knowledge from both Acharya Aryamanksu and Naagahasti, then why does he call the teachings of one "approved" and the teachings of the other "disapproved"? There must be some hidden secret within the depths of these two terms used by Yativrishabha.
In the Digambara tradition, apart from the Jayadhwala commentary, I have not seen any mention of Aryamanksu and Naagahasti elsewhere. However, some information about their lives is found in the Svetambara tradition. It is said about Acharya Aryamanksu that once, while wandering, he reached Mathurapuri. There, due to the infatuation of devotees, followers, and disciples who constantly served him, and being captivated by the allure of taste and grandeur, he abandoned his wandering life and settled there. Gradually, his monastic conduct weakened, and he died there.
If this account is true, then it also proves that due to the weakening of Aryamanksu's virtuous conduct, his lineage of disciples could not continue. And all this happened during the lifetime of Yativrishabha, hence he called his teachings "disapproved." The lineage of Naagahasti's disciples continued, therefore he called his teachings "approved." Thus, Aryamanksu and Naagahasti are contemporaries, and therefore the difference of about 150 years between them mentioned in the Svetambara lineage seems highly questionable.
* See Abhidhanarajeendra for the word "Ajjamang."