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## Chapter 21: Differentiating between Love and Hate in the Context of Aversions
**Regarding the Aversions:**
It is necessary to resort to many wrong means and wrong paths. Secondly, the person who is the object of pride, due to competition, always tries to take revenge and does not refrain from humiliating the proud person when the opportunity arises. Thus, like anger, pride is also in the form of hatred, being the cause of the same two defects.
**Regarding the Passions:**
Maya (deception) is considered to be in the form of love compared to the aversion and collection of karma. The reason for this is that the basis of Maya is always some beloved object. A person resorts to deception only to hide a beloved object. Like anger and pride, the intention of a deceiver is generally not to hurt another's heart, but to keep their secret object secret. Another point is that a deceitful person experiences satisfaction in the success of their deception. But this is not the case with the angry and proud, they always have to regret later. Sometimes, the use of Maya is also seen in the strengthening of anger and pride, in which case it should be understood as anger and pride-based Maya, not just Maya. The same should be understood in the case of anger, pride, and greed. Thus, it is appropriate to call Maya as love compared to the two aforementioned aversions.
Greed is also in the form of love compared to the two aforementioned aversions. The reason for this is that greed is done for the purpose of earning wealth, protecting possessions, and increasing wealth. At the root of all these things, the greedy person has a desire for their present and future happiness. A person accumulates wealth out of a desire to make themselves, their family members, their fellow countrymen, and their countrymen happy. Thus, the greedy person's vision remains on attaining happiness in the present and future. Therefore, it is appropriate to call greed as love from the perspective of aversion and collection of karma.
**Regarding the Affections:**
Aversion, sorrow, fear, and disgust, these four affections are in the form of hatred compared to aversion and collection of karma, because like anger, they are also the cause of unrest and suffering.
Laughter, love, female attraction, male attraction, and attraction to eunuchs, these five affections are in the form of love, because like greed, all these affections are due to love.
Although the affections are not mentioned separately in the Churnisutra, due to the Sutra being a guide to the country, these affections should be understood to be included in the Sutra.
Here, one may doubt that anger, etc., and aversion, sorrow, etc., should be considered as hatred, because they are all the cause of karma-asrava. Then how can Maya, greed, and laughter, etc., be called love? The solution to this is that although it is true that all aversions and affections are the cause of karma-asrava, here, Maya, greed, and laughter, etc., are called love only from the perspective of present or future happiness.