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## Kasaya Pahud Sutta
[Page 2: 27. There are three types of non-karma-related, non-agamic substances: beneficial, pleasant, and dear. There are seven types of bhangas related to these. 28. This is the subject of the Naigamanaya. 29. All substances are dear in relation to the Sangahanaya, Vavaharanaya, and Ujusudasanaya. 30. The भावप्रेय (bhaava-preya) should be established.]
**Commentary:**
* **27.** Substances that alleviate ailments like diseases are called beneficial. For example, bitter Giloy (Tinospora cordifolia) alleviates fever. Substances that bring joy to a being are called pleasant. For example, sweet food for a hungry person and cool water for a thirsty person. Substances that are desired by a being are called dear. For example, a wife, a son, a friend, etc. These three types of non-agamic substances are independent and co-existent. Now, we will discuss the two-fold bhangas. Grapes are both beneficial and pleasant because they are beneficial for the health and joy of a person suffering from fever (1). Neem is both beneficial and dear because it is beneficial for the health and desired by a person suffering from fever due to its bitter taste (2). Milk is both pleasant and dear because it brings joy and is desired by a person suffering from arthritis and who likes sweet things. However, milk is not beneficial for this person because it increases the ailment (3). These are the three types of two-fold bhangas. Milk mixed with sugar is beneficial, pleasant, and dear because it brings joy, pleasure, and is desired by a healthy person. This is a single type of three-fold bhangas. Combining all these bhangas, there are seven types of bhangas related to non-karma-related, non-agamic substances.
* **28.** This discussion of non-agamic substances is the subject of the Naigamanaya.
**Commentary:**
* **28.** The reason for mentioning this discussion as the subject of the Naigamanaya is that a single substance can be beneficial, pleasant, and dear simultaneously or sequentially. Also, there is unity in the desire for substances that are separately beneficial, pleasant, and dear.
* **29.** All substances are dear in relation to the Sangahanaya, Vavaharanaya, and Ujusudasanaya.
**Commentary:**
* **29.** Every substance is dear to some being at some time. Even poison, which causes death, is dear to a being who is disillusioned with life. Therefore, all substances are dear from the perspective of these three Nayas.
* **30.** The भावप्रेय (bhaava-preya) should be established.
**Commentary:**
* **30.** The discussion of भावप्रेय (bhaava-preya) is due, but it is extensive and the main subject of this text. Therefore, the author of the Churnisutra is establishing it because it will be discussed in detail through various Anuyoga doors in the future.