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9.7] Types of Anupreksha
Do not get entangled in touch, taste, smell, form, sound, and bodily experiences, etc. Similarly, particularly practice the five contemplations of the fourth great vow described in Sutra 3 of Chapter 7.
The types of Anupreksha are: impermanence, lack of refuge, the world, oneness, otherness, impurity, influx, restriction, liberation, the world, the awareness of rarity, and the quality of dharma. Contemplation on these is what defines Anupreksha. Anupreksha means deep contemplation. By profound and philosophical contemplation, attachments and aversions are halted. Therefore, this contemplation is referred to as a means of restriction.
Twelve subjects that are particularly useful for the purification of life have been selected and counted as twelve Anuprekshas. Anupreksha is also referred to as Bhavana. The introduction to the twelve Anuprekshas is provided below.
1. Anityanupreksha—To avoid sorrow from the separation of any obtained object, it is essential to reduce attachment to all those objects. For this purpose, contemplating that the body, household, and other possessions are not eternal and stable is indeed Anityanupreksha.
2. Asharananupreksha—To accept only the pure dharma as the refuge of life, it is necessary to remove attachment to all other objects. This is done by contemplating that just as a deer caught in a lion's paw has no refuge, similarly, I, afflicted by mental and physical ailments, am forever without refuge. This is Asharananupreksha.
3. Sansaranupreksha—To renounce the craving for worldly possessions, it is essential to cultivate indifference towards them. Therefore, to detach the mind from such objects, one should contemplate that in this beginningless cycle of birth and death, there are neither relatives nor strangers, as various relationships have been formed across countless lifetimes. Similarly, beings afflicted by attachment, aversion, and delusion are caught in the policy of devouring each other due to craving for worldly pleasures, leading to unbearable suffering.