Disclaimer: This translation does not guarantee complete accuracy, please confirm with the original page text.
132
Tattvarth Sutra
[5.28]
By the mere aggregation of four, countable, uncountable, infinite, and infinitely infinite atoms, various aggregates such as tripradesha, chaturpradesha, countable aggregates, uncountable aggregates, infinite aggregates, and infinitely infinite aggregates are formed, all of which are conglomerates. When a large aggregate breaks, the smaller aggregates that are formed are differentiable. These also range from dipradesha to infinitely infinite aggregates. When a new aggregate is formed through the combination of the components of a broken aggregate with another substance at the same time, that aggregate is called differentiable-conglomerate. Such aggregates can also range from dipradesha to infinitely infinite aggregates. Aggregates with more than two regions, such as three, four, etc., can also form tripradesha, chaturpradesha, and so on by the combination of separate atoms, and by the addition of one atom to a dipradesha aggregate, tripradesha as well as dipradesha can arise, or by sequentially adding two or one atom to a tripradesha aggregate, a chaturpradesha aggregate is formed.
An atom is not a substance in itself, therefore its emergence from the combination of two substances is not possible. Although atoms are considered eternal, here their emergence is described in terms of momentary existence, that is, while atoms are indeed eternal in the form of substances, they can also be regarded as generated from a momentary viewpoint. The state of an atom sometimes being a component of an aggregate and at other times existing separately is all the specific states (paryayas) of the atom. The separated state originates from the differentiation of aggregates. Hence, the statement regarding the origin of the atom through differentiation here simply means that an atom in a differentiated state is the result of differentiation, not a pure atom. 26-27.
Reasons for the transformation of achakshusha aggregate to chakshusha
By differentiation and aggregation, chakshusha aggregates are formed. An achakshusha aggregate can become chakshusha by obtaining a cause, which is indicated by this sutra.
The transformations of pudgala are threefold; therefore, some pudgala aggregates are achakshusha (not perceivable by the eye) while others are chakshusha (perceivable by the eye). An aggregate that is initially subtle and thus achakshusha may become chakshusha as a result of taking on a coarse quality, relinquishing its state of subtlety. Both differentiation and aggregation are required for that aggregate to become such. When the subtle quality of an aggregate is extinguished...