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Tattvarthasutra
[1. 32-33 The second acharyas state that the four types of knowledge abilities, such as mati, are not innate in the soul, but are dependent on the destruction and cessation of karma, hence they are relative to karma. Therefore, when the knowledge-obscuring karma is completely absent — at that time when only omniscience is manifested, those relative powers cannot exist. Hence, at the time of omniscience, besides the power of liberation, neither other knowledge abilities remain, nor do their functions of mati, etc., exist. 31.
Determination of erroneous knowledge and causes of error arise as mati, shruta, avadhi, and erroneous knowledge. 32.
From the distinction of real and unreal, due to the acquisition of whatever arises, knowledge is also ignorance like that of a madman. 33. Mati, shrut, and avadhi are all three types of erroneous (ignorance-like) knowledge.
Not knowing the difference between real and unreal results in knowledge being ignorance because of the thoughtless attainment, similar to that of a madman.
Mati, shrut, etc., are all five forms of knowledge, and their function is to illuminate their respective subjects. Therefore, they are all called knowledge. However, among them, the first three are considered as knowledge and ignorance forms, such as mati-knowledge, mati-ignorance, shrut-knowledge, shrut-ignorance, avadhi-knowledge, avadhi-ignorance, i.e., vibhanga-knowledge.
Question: If mati, shrut, and avadhi are all knowledge because they illuminate their respective subjects, why are they called ignorance? Because the terms knowledge and ignorance denote opposite meanings, they cannot apply in the same sense as the words light and darkness.
Answer: According to worldly indications, these three forms are indeed knowledge, but here they are referred to as knowledge and ignorance according to scriptural indications. The indication of spiritual scriptures is that mati, shrut, and avadhi are all gnosis forms of wrong perception ignorance and knowledge of right perception.
Question: How can we say that only the self with right perception conducts valid transactions and not those with wrong perception? It cannot be said that the right perceiver has no doubts or confusions as wrong knowledge, while only the wrong perceiver has them. It is also not possible that the means such as senses are completely perfect and faultless for the right perceiver while being imperfect and wicked for the wrong perceiver. How can it be said that subjects like science and literature shed unparalleled light?