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## Third Rebirth: The Pudgala Pariṇāma of the Narakas [261]
The Pudgala that is undesirable is consumed by the Narakas in the form of food and other things. Their body structure is *Huṇḍa* and that too is of the lowest kind. This is about the *Bhavadhārṇīya* body because in the *Gāthā* about the *Uttara-vaikriya* body it is said:
(3) All Narakas have only *Vikurvaṇā* that is *Aśubha*. Even though they think of creating good *Vikriyā*, due to the arising of unfavorable karma, their *Vikurvaṇā* is definitely *Aśubha*. Their *Uttara-vaikriya* body and the *Bhavadhārṇīya* body are devoid of *Sanhanana* because they are only influenced by bones and the *Uttara-vaikriya* body is also *Huṇḍa-sanstāna* because from their *Bhavapratyay* arises the *Huṇḍa-sanstāna* *Nāmakarma*.
(4) In all the Naraka realms, whether a being is in the lowest state or the highest state, at the time of birth, they experience only *Asāta*. Due to the continuation of the great suffering experienced at the time of death in the previous life, they experience *Asāta* from birth. After birth, they also experience only *Asāta* and they complete the entire Naraka existence in *Asāta*. There is not even a trace of happiness.
(5) Even though in the above *Gāthā* it is said that the Narakas experience only suffering, there is a slight exception. It is explained in this sixth *Gāthā*. Due to *Upapāta*, some Naraka beings experience *Sāta* at the time of *Upapāta*. Those who in the previous life attained death naturally without burning or piercing, do not have a very complex *Pariṇāma*. At that time, they do not have the *Prādhīrupa* (mental) suffering bound from the previous life, nor the pain caused by the nature of the realm, nor the pain caused by *Paramādharmika* actions or mutual hostility. In this situation, due to the influence of suffering, some beings experience *Sāta*. Due to the influence of the Devas, some beings experience *Sāta* for a short time due to the influence of the Devas. For example, Baldeva went to Naraka to alleviate the suffering of Krishna Vasudeva. Similarly, due to the influence of the previous *Sāṅgatīka* Devas, the Narakas experience *Sāta* for a short time. After that, according to the rule, they experience the pain caused by the nature of the realm or other pains.
(6) Due to *Adhyavasāya*, some Narakas experience *Sāta* at the time of the birth of *Samyaktvā* or even after that, perhaps due to a special auspicious *Adhyavasāya*, even while experiencing external pain caused by the realm, etc. The *Āgama* says that at the time of the birth of *Samyaktvā*, the being experiences joy just like a person born blind experiences joy when they gain sight. Even after that, while experiencing external pain caused by the realm, they experience the arising of *Sāta* while feeling special emotions like *Guṇānumoḍana* of the *Tīrthaṅkaras*, etc. Due to the experience of karma, the Naraka beings experience *Sāta* for a moment due to the external cause of the *Kalyāṇaka* of the birth, initiation, knowledge, and liberation of the *Tīrthaṅkaras*, etc., and due to the cause of the arising of the *Vipāka* of various *Sāta* *Vedaniya* *Karma*.