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## First Understanding: Description of Land-Dwellers [91]
There are four types of flying creatures (Khechar-Khechar): **Skin-winged**, **Hair-winged**, **Sea-winged**, and **Spread-winged**.
**Skin-winged:** These have wings made of skin. Their types are described in the **Prajnapana** as follows: **Vaggulī** (bat), **Jalauka** (leech), **Adilī**, **Bharandapaksi** (bird of prey), **Jīvanjīva**, **Samudra-vāyas**, **Karṇa-trika**, **Pakṣī-viḍālī**, etc.
**Hair-winged:** These have wings made of hair. Their types are described in the **Prajnapana Sutra** as follows: **Dhaṅka**, **Kaṅka**, **Kural**, **Vāyas**, **Chakravāka**, **Haṁsa**, **Kalahaṁsa**, **Rājahaṁsa** (red-beaked and red-winged swan), **Pādahaṁsa**, **Pāḍa**, **Seḍī**, **Vaka**, **Balākā** (flock of cranes), **Pāriplāva**, **Krauncha**, **Sārasa**, **Mesara**, **Masūra**, **Mayūra**, **Shatavatsa** (seven-hand span), **Gahira**, **Pauṇḍaroka**, **Kāka**, **Kāmanjuka**, **Banjulka**, **Tītara**, **Vartaka** (duck), **Lāva**, **Kapota**, **Kapijala**, **Pārava**, **Chiṭaka**, **Chāsa**, **Kukkuṭa**, **Shuka**, **Varhi** (a type of peacock), **Madana-śalākā** (myna), **Kokila**, **Seha**, and **Varillka**, etc.
**Sea-winged:** These fly but their wings remain like a chest. They are of only one type. They are not found in human regions, but in outer islands and seas.
**Spread-winged:** These have wings that are always spread out. They are of only one type. They are not found in human regions, but in outer islands and seas.
These flying creatures are of two types based on their **Sammūchhima** (aggregate) **Tiryach** (non-human) **Panchendriya** (five senses) **Paryāpta** (sufficient) and **Aparyāpta** (insufficient) characteristics. Their description is similar to the previous ones.
The examination of their body, entrances, etc., should be done like that of aquatic creatures. The difference lies in their entrances and positions. Their **utkṛṣṭa** (highest) entrance is **dhanuṣa-pṛthaktva** (bow-separation) and their position is **bahत्तर हजार वर्ष** (seventy-two thousand years).
These creatures are of four gaits, two progressions, each-bodied, and innumerable. There are two **sangrahaṇī** (collection) verses in some copies that describe their position and entrance. They are as follows:
**जोयणसहस्स गाउयपुहुत्त तत्तो य जोयणपुहत्तं / दोण्हं पि धणपुहत्तं समुच्छिम वियगपक्खीणं // 1 //**
**संमुच्छ पुग्धकोडी चउरासीई भवे सहस्साई। तेवण्णा बायाला बावत्तरिमेव पक्खीणं // 2 //**
Their meaning is as follows:
The highest entrance of **Sammūchhima** aquatic creatures is **thousand yojanas**, that of quadrupeds is **gavyu-ti** (kos) separation, that of **ur-parisarp** (reptiles) is **yojana-pṛthaktva**, that of **Sammūchhima** **bhujaga-parisarp** (snakes) and birds is **dhanuṣa-pṛthaktva**.
The highest position of **Sammūchhima** aquatic creatures is **pūrva-koṭī**, that of quadrupeds is **eighty-four thousand years**, that of **ur-parisarp** is **thirty-five thousand years**, that of **bhujaga-parisarp** is **forty-two thousand years**, and that of birds is **seventy-two thousand years**.
This is the statement about **Sammūchhima** **Panchendriya** **Tiryach-yonika** (non-human five-sense beings).