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## First Understanding: Description of Land-Dwellers
Thus, these beings are those who move in all four directions and those who come from two directions. O Shraman! O Ayushman! These beings are each embodied and are countless. The description of land-dwellers is as follows:
What are the land-dwellers with four limbs and five senses? Land-dwellers with four limbs are of two types, namely, those who are born on land and those who are born in water. What are the land-dwellers with four limbs and five senses? Land-dwellers with four limbs are of four types, namely, those with one hoof, those with two hooves, those with a trunk, and those with a beak.
Those who are born on land are of two types, namely, those who are born in a womb and those who are not born in a womb. The body, the mouth, the tongue, the fingers, and the toes are countless in their parts. The height of a human being is four hundred thousand yojanas. The lifespan of a human being is four hundred thousand years.
The rest, like water-dwellers, are countless in number, as are those who move in all four directions and those who come from two directions. What are the land-dwellers with four limbs?
What are the land-dwellers with a body that crawls? Land-dwellers with a body that crawls are of two types, namely, those who are snakes and those who are insects. What are the snakes? Snakes are of four types, namely, the cobra, the viper, the python, and the lizard. What is the cobra? The cobra is of two types, namely, the hooded cobra and the non-hooded cobra. What is the hooded cobra? The hooded cobra is of many types, namely, the Asovisa, etc. What is the non-hooded cobra? The non-hooded cobra is of many types, namely, the Digva, the Gonsa, etc. What is the earth?
What is the viper? The viper is of one type. What is the python?