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## First Study: Samayik
**Introduction:** Samayik has three forms: (1) doing it oneself, (2) causing others to do it, and (3) approving it. Yoga refers to mind, speech, and body.
**The Highest Renunciation:** The highest renunciation is achieved through the abandonment of all three karmas and three yogas. A muni's Samayik involves all three karmas and three yogas, hence it is considered the most excellent renunciation. A householder's Samayik involves two karmas and three yogas. When reciting the Samayik text, if a householder is observing the Samayik vow themselves or a sadhu is causing them to observe it, the phrase "duviham tivihenam" should be used, and "javjivaae" should be replaced with "javniyam".
**Causes of Decline:** Jainism identifies two causes of decline: yoga and kshaya. Yoga refers to the activity of mind, speech, and body. Kshaya refers to anger, pride, deceit, and greed. These four are the uneven states of the soul. Anger is the state where we view others with hatred or aversion and desire to harm them. In pride, even though the feeling of hatred is less, there is still a sense of discrimination, we consider ourselves superior and others inferior, ourselves big and others small, ourselves righteous and others sinful and wicked. Deceit refers to the desire to fulfill one's self-interest through hidden means or deception. Greed is the desire for excessive gain. In greed, one's own self-interest is given more importance than the interests of others. Samayik is a practice to rise above these unfavorable yogas and kshayas.
**Potential Errors:** While performing Samayik, householders contemplate potential errors, which are called "atichaar" in Jain terminology. These atichaars are of five types: 1. Manodushpranidhan, 2. Vachodushpranidhan, 3. Kayadushpranidhan, 4. Smrityantardhan, 5. Anvasthita. Pranidhan means investment. Dushpranidhan means wrong investment. Mind, speech, and body are the most valuable possessions of every practitioner. Smrityantardhan means forgetting that one is in Samayik and engaging in useless talk. The practitioner should always be vigilant. Anvasthita means fickleness or distraction. One should complete the vow with steadiness for the duration it was taken.
**Mangal Sutra:**
Four Auspicious Things: Arihant is auspicious, Siddha is auspicious, Saahu is auspicious,