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[Essential Sutra
(10) Adhhapratyakhyana - The rejection made with the duration of time like Muhurta, Paurushi etc. 1. Namaskarasahitasutra
Uggaye sure namokkarasahiyam pacchakkhami cauvviham pi aharam - asanam, panam, khaim, saim. Annath'anaabhogena, sahasagarenam, vosirami.
_Meaning - Upon sunrise, I accept the rejection with Namaskar - for two ghadi (hours) after sunrise (nokarasi) and I renounce all four types of food - asanam, panam, khaim, and saim.
In this pratyakhyana, there are two exceptions - anaabhoga - extreme forgetfulness and sahasagarenam - sudden urgency. Except for these two exceptions, I renounce all four types of food.
Discussion - Namaskarasahita means not consuming food without reciting Namaskar from sunrise to two ghadi after sunrise, i.e., for the duration of Muhurta. In common language, it is called 'Navakarasi' (Nokarasi). Four types of food
(1) Asanam - This includes all types of food like roti, rice etc.
(2) Panam - Milk, water, etc., all drinkable things are included in panam. But according to tradition, only water is consumed here.
(3) Khadim - Nuts, fruits etc. Some Acharyas include sweets in asanam and some in khadim.
(4) Swadim - Cloves, cardamom, betel nut etc. are considered as Swadim for mouth freshener. In this food, the main focus is on the taste of the mouth, not on the filling of the stomach.
The Sanskrit word 'Aakar' is called 'Aagar' in Prakrit language. The meaning of Aakar - exception is considered. The meaning of exception is - if in a particular situation, the renounced item is consumed or has to be consumed, then the pratyakhyana is not broken. Therefore, it is necessary to keep the necessary Aagar while accepting the vow. If this is not done, there is a possibility of breaking the vow -
_ 'Akiyate vidhiyate pratyakhyanabhangaparihararthamitayaakarah' - 'Pratyakhyanam cha apavadarupaakarasahitam karttavyaam, anyatha tu bhangah syat.' - Acharya Hemachandra (Yogashastra)