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Bhikkhu and Bhikkhunis are punished for offenses known as Apatti. According to the Bhikkhuni Patimokkha, there are five types of Apatti: (1) Parajika, (2) Sanghadisesa, (3) Nissaggiya Pacittiya, (4) Pacittiya, and (5) Patidesaniya. Additionally, there are three Apattis: (1) Thullaccaya, (2) Dukkata, and (3) Dubbhasita.
Parajika is the most serious offense. The offender was expelled from the Sangha, and was not allowed to re-enter. This offender was compared to a leaf that has fallen off a tree, severing its connection. The Parajika offender was considered to have fallen from the path of the true Dhamma. There are eight types of Parajika offenses: (1) sexual intercourse, (2) theft, (3) murder, searching for a weapon, or praising death, (4) claiming supernatural powers without possessing them, (5) a Bhikkhuni touching the private parts of a male with lustful intent, (6) knowing about a Parajika offender but not restraining them or informing the Sangha, (7) following someone who has been expelled by the Sangha, despite being warned three times, and (8) a Bhikkhuni holding the hand of a male with lustful intent and going with him as per his signals.
The most serious Parajika offense is sexual intercourse, as it cannot occur without attachment. Therefore, the Sangha remained vigilant.
The Sanghadisesa offense is similar to Parajika, primarily aimed at protecting celibacy. It also includes not causing a schism in the Sangha, not speaking ill words, not criticizing the Sangha, not mocking each other, and not revealing each other's secret offenses. The offender of Sanghadisesa was given the Manatta punishment. The offender had to promptly inform the Sangha, and if they did, they received a six-night Manatta punishment. If they concealed the offense, they were given the Parivasa (probation) punishment, for as many days as they had concealed it. After Parivasa, they had to undergo a six-night Manatta penance. Such offenders were required to remain outside the Sangha and were deprived of certain privileges during the penance period.