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## Twentieth Uddeshak
[437 If the fault is not concealed and the knowledge of its transgression is not known to the public, then the penance of Chhed Diksha should be given.
2. If he has repeatedly violated the great vows like Brahmacharya, repeatedly spoken Maya-Msha speech, and the knowledge of his repeated violation of Brahmacharya etc. has become known to the public, then he should be given the penance of Mula, i.e., new Diksha.
In Uttaradhyayanasutra, Chapter 29, criticism, condemnation, and reproach are said to be extremely auspicious and excellent fruits of faults.
In Thananga, Chapter 10, Bhagavati Sutra, Chapter 25, Uddeshak 7, Upadesha Sutra, Chapter 30, and Uttaradhyayanasutra, Chapter 30, ten types of penances are mentioned, among which criticism is said to be the first place of penance.
Penance is performed for the transgression of faults, either in the original qualities of Charitra or in the subsequent qualities.
In Nishisthasutra, four main divisions of penance are mentioned, and in the commentary, while explaining it in detail, penance from five days to six months, and Chhed Mula Ananvasthapya and Paranchik penance are mentioned.
According to the feelings of transgression, the penance for the same fault-place is increased or decreased.
In Bhagavati Sutra, Chapter 25, Uddeshak 7, and Thananga, Chapter 10, ten types of transgression are mentioned. They are:
1. Due to pride (power and audacity), 2. Due to laziness, 3. Due to carelessness, 4. Due to eagerness for hunger, thirst, etc., 5. When there is a crisis, 6. Due to narrowness of field, etc., 7. Due to mistake, 8. Due to fear, 9. Due to anger or hatred, 10. For the sake of testing the disciple, etc.
Behind every transgression, there is one or more of these reasons.
Out of these reasons, some faults can be purified only by criticism, some by criticism and Pratikraman, and some by penance, Chhed, etc.
After transgression, the seeker of self-purification performs penance by criticism. Just as dirt on clothes is purified by washing, similarly, the faults (in restraint, etc.) of the soul are purified by penance.
In Uttaradhyayanasutra, Chapter 29, it is said that by performing penance, faults are purified, character becomes unblemished, and the one who accepts the right penance becomes a devotee of the path of liberation and conduct.
Ten types of penance:
1. For those who are worthy of criticism - only criticism is sufficient for purification of exceptional behavior, tendency, etc., due to field, etc.
2. For those who are worthy of Pratikraman - only Pratikraman (Micchami Dukkadam) is sufficient for purification of Ayatana due to carelessness.
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