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## Nineteenth Uddeshak
[415]
**Discussion:** While it is essential to engage in *svādhyāya* (self-study) both during the day and night, one must always be mindful of the times when *svādhyāya* is prohibited, as outlined in the *āgamas* (scriptural texts).
The following *āgamas* describe the places where *svādhyāya* is prohibited:
1. **Thaṇāṅga Sūtra, Chapter 4, Verse 4:** Prohibits *svādhyāya* on the four *pratipadās* (first days of the lunar fortnight) and the four *sandhyās* (twilight periods).
2. **Thaṇāṅga Sūtra, Chapter 10:** Mentions ten *ākāśīya* (celestial) and ten *audārika* (worldly) *asvādhyāya* (prohibited times for *svādhyāya*).
3. **This present Uddeshak:** Describes the *prāyaścitta* (atonement) for performing *svādhyāya* during the four *mahā mahotsavas* (great festivals), four *pratipadās*, and four *sandhyās*.
4. **Vyavahāra Uddeshak, Chapter 7:** Prohibits *svādhyāya* related to one's own body.
By compiling all these prohibited places, we arrive at a total of 32 *asvādhyāya* places. These include those related to the sky, the world, festivals, the first days of the lunar fortnight, and twilight periods.
**Total 32:** Out of these, 12 *asvādhyāya* have been discussed in previous *sūtras* (texts). The remaining 20 *asvādhyāya* are as follows:
1. **Ulkāpāt:** The falling of a star, meaning its displacement. When a star-vehicle moves sideways or a deity performs *vikūrvaṇā* (distortion), it appears as if a star is falling in the sky. Sometimes it appears as a long line falling, sometimes as a luminous object falling. Generally, the phenomenon of stars falling in the sky is a continuous process, therefore, if it is accompanied by a specific light or a line, it should be considered *asvādhyāya*. This lasts for one *prahara* (three hours).
2. **Digdāh:** Due to the transformation of *pudgala* (matter), a condition resembling a great city burning in one or more directions is visible. This appears slightly above the ground. This lasts for one *prahara*.
3. **Garjan:** The sound of thunder. This lasts for two *praharas*. However, it is not considered *asvādhyāya* during the *varṣā-nakṣatras* (rain constellations) from *Prāṇa-nakṣatra* to *Svāti-nakṣatra*.
4. **Vidyut:** The flashing of lightning. This lasts for one *prahara*. However, it is not considered *asvādhyāya* during the aforementioned rain constellations.
5. **Nirghāt:** The flashing of lightning accompanied by a terrible [horrible] sound. This is also called lightning striking or thunder. This lasts for eight *praharas*.