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1. The **Lahu-masik** penance for minor offenses is one **ekasana** (fasting for one day) for the least severe and 27 **upavasas** (fasting days) for the most severe.
2. The **Guru-masik** penance for minor offenses is one **nivi** (two **ekasanas**) for the least severe and 3 **upavasas** for the most severe.
3. The **Lahu-chaumasik** penance for minor offenses is one **ayambil** (or one **ekasana**) for the least severe and 108 **upavasas** for the most severe.
4. The **Guru-chaumasik** penance for minor offenses is one **upavasa** (four **ekasanas**) for the least severe and 120 **upavasas** for the most severe.
5. Repeatedly performing the penances for these offenses or performing them for a long time increases the severity of the **tapa-prayaschitta** (penance), which can even be increased to **diksha-ched** (excommunication).
6. If a practitioner hides a major offense by secretly performing it and another person reveals the offense and proves it, then the practitioner receives the penance of **diksha-ched**.
7. If someone else proves the offense and the practitioner, through excessive deceit and hypocrisy, acts contrary to the truth or even accuses the accuser falsely, but then, when forced, admits to the offense and agrees to perform the penance, then they are given the penance of **new diksha** (initiation).
8. If they remain in their stubbornness and refuse to admit to the offense, then they are expelled from the **gachch** (community).
9. The secrecy of the **sutras** (texts): No knowledge or **agama** (scripture) is completely secret, but there are limits to its disclosure.
10. The **mala agamas** (secondary scriptures) do not mention any **sutra** as being secret. They only state that a qualified disciple should be taught the **sutras** and their meaning (**paramarth**) in a sequential manner.
11. An unqualified or unprepared person should not study any scripture, because according to **Nishita-sutra** (a scripture) **uddeshak 19**, the teacher who teaches them will receive penance. Similarly, if qualified and virtuous disciples are not taught in a sequential manner, then they also receive the penance mentioned in the **sutras**.
12. Thus, it is clear that no **agama** is secret except for qualified **sadhus** (monks) and **sadhvis** (nuns).
13. The **agamas** mention that **sadhvis** should study eleven **anga-sutras** (canonical texts) out of the twelve, while **sadhus** should study all twelve **angas**. **Shravakas** (laymen) are also mentioned as studying the **shruta** (scripture) and its **upadhan** (application).
14. During the time of the **tirthankaras** (liberated souls), only the **dwadasangi shruta** (twelve-part scripture) existed. The compilation of the remaining **sutras** occurred over time, which is undeniable.
15. Thus, even though the **agamas** are considered secret, during the time of the **tirthankaras**, the **anga shastras** (canonical texts) were studied by the **sadhu**, **sadhvi**, **shravaka**, and **shravika** (fourfold community).
16. The **Vyavahar Sutra** (a scripture) written by **Bhadra-bahu** (a Jain scholar) in the **Chaudas-purvi** (fourteenth century) also emphasizes the importance of studying and teaching **prachar-prakalpa** (practical conduct). It states that every young **sant** (saint) and **sati** (saintly woman) must memorize it, which suggests that its secrecy is not absolute. Thus, the study of **Nishita-sutra** or other **sutras** was also prevalent in the fourfold community in ancient times.
17. Over time, the era of **agama-lekhan** (scriptural writing) came, followed by the era of **vyakhya-lekhan** (scriptural commentary), and now the era of **prakasha-yug** (publication). The writing and publication of **agamas** has occurred and continues to occur over time. Written and published copies of these scriptures exist in India and abroad.