Agam aur Tripitak Ek Anushilan Part 1

SR No.: 002621
Original Sutra Author: N/A
Author: Nagrajmuni
Publisher: Concept Publishing Company
Publication Year: 1987
Total Pages: 744
Language: Hindi
Classification: Book_Devnagari, Agam, Canon, & History
File Size: 15 MB

Page 121

इतिहास और परम्परा
Fil-fTOT पूर्व घटित हुई थी, जिसे साधारणतया ई० पू० ५२८ बताया जाता है। किन्तु कुछ आधुनिक विद्वान् इस घटना के ई० पू० ४६८ में घटित होने का समर्थन करते हैं । उसका आधार जैनमुनि हेमचन्द्र द्वारा प्रतिपादित वह परम्परा है, जिसके अनुसार महावीर-निर्वाण और चन्द्रगुप्त मौर्य के राज्यारोहण का अन्तर १५५ वर्ष है, न कि २१५ वर्ष । ई० पू० ४६८ की यह तारीख कुछ एक प्राचीनतम बौद्ध-शास्त्रों में स्पष्टतया उल्लिखित इस कथन के साथ संगत नहीं होती कि महावीर बुद्ध से पूर्व ही निर्वाण-प्राप्त हो चुके थे। ई०पू० ५२८ की तिथि भी कठिनाइयों से परे नहीं है। सर्वप्रथम तो हेमचन्द्र के इस उल्लेख से उसका विरोध है कि चन्द्र
attributed to him and thereby seek to reconcil the Jain tradition about the date of Mahavira's Nirvana (58+18+470=546 B.C.) with the Ceylonese date of the great decease of Buddha (544 B.C.) But the suggestion can hardly be said to rest on any reliable tradition. Merutunga places the death of the last Jina or Tirthankara 470 years before the end of Saka rule and the victory, and not the birth of the traditional Vikrama. The date 528 B.C. for the Nirvana of the Inatrika teacher can to a certain extent be reconciled with the Cantonese date of the death of Buddha (486 B.C.). But then we shall have to assume that Mahavira died shortly after Buddha's enlightenment, forty-five years before the Parinirvana, when the letter could hardly have become a renowned religious teacher of long standing as the Buddhist (canonical) texts would lead us to believe. Certain Jaina Sutras seem to suggest that Mahavira died about sixteen years after the accession of Ajatsatru and the commencement of his wars with hostile neighboures. This would place the Nirvana of the Jain teacher eight years after Buddha's death, as according to the Ceylonese chronicles, Buddha died 8 years after the enthronement of Ajatsatru. The Nirvana of the Tirthankara would, according to this view, fall in 478 B.C., if we accept the cantonese reckoning (486 B.C.) as our basis, and in 538 B.C., if we prefer the Ceylonese epoch. The date 478 B.C. would almost coincide with that to which the testimony of Hemchandra leads us and place the accession of Chandra Gupta Maurya in 323 B.C. which cannot be far from truth. But the result in respect of Mahayira himself is at variance with the clear evidence of the Buddhist canonical texts, which make the Buddha survive his Inatrika rival. The Jain statement that their Tirthankara dieds some sixteen years after the accession of Kunika (Ajatsatru) can be reconciled with the Buddhist tradition about the death of