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## Five Transgressions of the Atithi-Samvibhaga Vrata
**From Yoga Shastra, Third Light, Verses 117-118**
It should be understood that just as the five Anuvratas are summarized in Digvrata, similarly, the five Anuvratas and Gunavratas etc. are summarized in Deshavakashika Vrata. A question arises: In Digvrata, only transgressions related to direction are mentioned, not transgressions related to the summarization of other Vratas. Then how have the elders considered Deshavakashika Vrata as the summarized form of all Vratas?
The solution is that this Vrata is the summarized form of other Vratas like Pranatipat etc. In this Vrata, transgressions like killing, binding etc. should be known. The implication is that the purpose of summarizing Digvrata is to summarize the boundaries of the area. Separate transgressions like sending, bringing etc. are possible. Therefore, the summarized form of Digvrata is called Deshavakashika Vrata.
**Now, the transgressions of the Poushadha Vrata are mentioned:**
**Verse 117:**
**Meaning:**
In the Poushadha Vrata, to eat without seeing or cleaning the place, to take or keep things without cleaning them, to spread a seat without cleaning it, to disrespect the Poushadha or not remember it; these are the five transgressions of the Poushadha Vrata.
**Explanation:**
In Poushadha, the place where there is a small or large amount of saliva, phlegm etc. should be carefully looked at and cleaned with the corner of a cloth or a broom. Then, it should be cleaned properly. This means that the mentioned impure substances of the body should be discarded with discernment. Not doing so constitutes the first transgression of the Poushadha Vrata.
"Aadan" means to take. To take or keep useful things like wood, a plank, a bed etc. without seeing or cleaning them constitutes the second transgression. Similarly, when spreading a seat made of Darbha, Kusha, blanket, cloth etc., to spread it without seeing or cleaning it constitutes the third transgression called "Apratyupekshan" and "Aparamarjan". This transgression occurs due to carelessness, haste, uselessness, seeing and cleaning without proper attention, and cleaning carelessly. The "Nan" prefix in the words "Paramarjan" and "Avekshan" indicates negation. It has the meaning of censure, just as a censured Brahmin is called a non-Brahmin. This should be understood here. The original scripture, Shri Upasakadasangasutra, states the same thing: "Apratilit-Dushtpratilikhit-Shayya-Santhara, Aparamarjit-Dushtparamarjit-Shayya-Santhara; Apratilit-Dushtpratilikhit-Sthandila (excrement-cleaning)-Bhoomi, Aparamarjit-Dushtparamarjit-Sthandila (place for excrement)-Bhoomi; this is the third transgression.
To have disrespect for the Poushadha Vrata and its actions or rituals, i.e., to perform the Poushadha with a lack of enthusiasm, to complete the Poushadha ritual in any way, constitutes the fourth transgression called "Anadar". Similarly, to forget the Poushadha after accepting it, not remembering whether a particular ritual was performed or not, constitutes the fifth transgression called "Asmriti". These transgressions apply to those who have taken the complete Poushadha. Those who have taken the Poushadha partially (from a particular place) do not incur these transgressions.
**Now, the transgressions of the Atithi-Samvibhaga Vrata are mentioned:**
**Verse 118:**
**Meaning:**
To place an object on something that is alive, to cover it with something alive, to delay the time of giving a gift, to be envious, to call one's own thing as someone else's; these are the five transgressions of the fourth Shiksha Vrata.
**Explanation:**
To place an object like earth, a water pot, burning embers from a stove, or grains etc. on something that is alive with the intention of not giving it to a worthy person. A person with a low mind thinks that a worthy person will not take anything that is placed on something alive. Knowing this, a foolish Shravak places the object to be given on something alive, or keeps it there. He thinks that the worthy person will not be able to take it, and thus I will benefit. This is the first transgression.
Similarly, as mentioned above, to cover the object to be given with something alive like a root, a leaf, a flower, a fruit etc. with the intention of not giving it to worthy people.