Disclaimer: This translation does not guarantee complete accuracy, please confirm with the original page text.
## Chapter Nine
[327] Remembering the body's misery, the soul becomes detached. It then focuses its mind on crossing the ocean of birth.
805. The concepts of *āsrava*, *samvara*, and *nirjarā* have been previously explained, but they are being discussed again here to understand their qualities and defects. *Āsrava* is the cause of suffering in this world and the next. It is as sharp as the flow of a great river and takes the form of the senses, passions, and non-observance of vows. The senses, such as touch, lead beings like elephants, crows, snakes, insects, and deer into the ocean of suffering. Similarly, passions like anger, pride, deceit, and greed cause suffering like death, bondage, disgrace, and torment in this world. In the next world, they cause beings to wander through various realms of existence, burning with various kinds of suffering. Reflecting on the defects of *āsrava* is called *āsrava-anuprekṣā*. Such contemplation does not diminish the understanding of the virtues like forgiveness. All these defects of *āsrava* do not affect a soul that has withdrawn itself like a tortoise.
806. Just as a boat in the vast ocean, if its holes are not covered, will inevitably sink due to the influx of water, and if its holes are covered, it will reach its desired destination without any trouble, similarly, when the doors of karma are closed, there is no obstacle to liberation. Reflecting on the virtues of *samvara* is called *samvara-anuprekṣā*. Such contemplation leads to constant effort in *samvara* and ultimately to the attainment of liberation.
807. *Nirjarā* is the name given to the ripening of karma. It is of two types: *abuddhi-pūrva* (unconscious) and *kuśala-mūla* (virtue-based). The *abuddhi-pūrva* *nirjarā* arises from the ripening of karma in the realms of hell, etc., and is associated with unwholesome actions. The *kuśala-mūla* *nirjarā* arises from the conquest of passions and is associated with wholesome actions. It can be further divided into *śubha-anubandha* (associated with auspicious karma) and *nir-anubandha* (not associated with any karma). Reflecting on the qualities and defects of *nirjarā* is called *nirjarā-anuprekṣā*. Such contemplation leads to detachment and a focused mind on crossing the ocean of birth.