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## Chapter Seven
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8709. The term "vratashīla" is a compound word formed by combining "vrat" and "shīla". In these vratashīlas, the inclusion of the term "shīla" is not redundant. The inclusion of "shīla" is for the purpose of explaining the specific meaning and for the protection of the vows. Therefore, by including "shīla", terms like "digvirati" are included.
§ 710. In the context of householders, the five transgressions of each of the vows and conduct should be understood in the order they are mentioned. As follows: First, the transgressions of the vow of non-violence are:
Bondage, killing, mutilation, excessive burdening, and deprivation of food and water. || 25 ||
8711. Bondage is the cause of preventing someone from going to their desired place. Striking living beings with a stick, whip, or cane, etc. is killing. Here, killing does not mean the separation of life, because the violence is abandoned before the transgression. Mutilation is the cutting off of limbs like ears, nose, etc. Excessive burdening is loading more than the appropriate weight. Depriving cows, etc. of food and water by causing them hunger and thirst is deprivation of food and water. These are the five transgressions of the vow of non-violence.
False advice, secret disclosure, forgery, misappropriation, and alteration of sacred mantras are the five transgressions of the vow of truthfulness. || 26 ||
8712. False advice is to lead someone to a wrong path in actions that are the cause of progress and liberation, or to deceive others with false words. Secret disclosure is the revelation of a specific action performed in private by a man and a woman. Forgery is when someone says that something was done by another person, even though the other person did not say or do it, and it is done because of the use of another person's words.