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## Chapter Two
[135 $ 316. The term 'Praak Chaturvya' is used to determine time. The word 'Praak' signifies a limit, meaning that motion with a bend occurs before the fourth time, but not in the fourth time. Why is this so? Because in a Nishkuta Kshetra, where the most excellent bend-causing factors are present, a being born in that Nishkuta Kshetra, due to the absence of an Anupurvi Anushreni Bhava, does not have Ishu Gati. Therefore, this being starts a motion with three bends to attain the Nishkuta Kshetra. There is no need for more bends because there is no such Uppapad Kshetra. Therefore, motion with bends occurs only for three times, not in the fourth time. The word 'Cha' signifies a collection, which includes both motion with bends and motion without bends.
[317. The time for motion with bends has been determined. Now, to understand how much time is for motion without bends, the next sutra states:
Motion with one time is without bends. ||29||
[318. The motion that takes one time is called motion with one time. The motion that does not have a bend, or a turn, is called motion without bends. For beings and Pudgalas that are in motion, motion with one time occurs even up to the end of the Lok, due to the absence of any obstruction.
[319. In the continuous chain of Karma Bandha, which is without beginning, due to the influence of Mithyadarshana and other wrong beliefs, a being who receives Karma, also receives Aharaka even in motion with bends. Therefore, to establish a rule, the next sutra states:
A being remains without Aharaka for one, two, or three times. ||30||
[320. Due to the authority of time, there is a connection with it here. The word 'Va' signifies an alternative, and the alternative is taken as far as it is intended. The meaning is that a being can remain without Aharaka for one time, two times, or three times. For three bodies, there are six Paryaptis.