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## Chapter Forty-Eight
**293.** Karma is destroyed by experience and penance. There are two types of destruction: one is **vipakaja** (destruction due to fruition) and the other is **avipakaja** (destruction not due to fruition).
**294.** The destruction of karma due to fruition is the gradual cessation of karma as it bears fruit in the cycle of birth and death.
**295.** The destruction of karma not due to fruition is like ripening fruits like mangoes and jackfruits prematurely through certain methods. It is the destruction of karma that has not yet reached its fruition, but is destroyed prematurely through penance and other methods.
**296-297.** The bond of karma with the soul is called **pradeshabandha**. This bond is present in all the infinite regions of the soul. The karma particles, which are as numerous as the parts of a **ghanaangula** (a measure of length), remain in the soul for a period of time, which can be counted as one, two, three, etc.
**298.** There are two types of karma: **punyabandha** (bond of merit) and **papbandha** (bond of demerit). The four types of **punyabandha** are: auspicious lifespan, auspicious name, auspicious lineage, and good conduct. All other karmas are **papbandha**.
**299.** The cessation of **asrava** (influx of karma) is called **samvara**. There are two types of **samvara**: **bhavasamvara** (cessation of the cause of karma) and **dravya samvara** (cessation of the substance of karma).
**300.** **Bhavasamvara** is the cessation of the actions that are the cause of rebirth. **Dravyasamvara** is the cessation of the karma particles themselves.
**292.** The **uttaraprakritis** (secondary qualities) of the **ayukarma** (karma of lifespan) always arise from their own source and not from another source. For example, the **narakayuka** (karma of hell) always manifests as the hellish lifespan and not as any other lifespan.
**Note:** The terms in bold are Jain terms.