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The Tattvarthasutra Vayavrutya describes ten types of service that are worthy of service due to their appropriateness for service, according to the nature of the service. These are as follows: 1. Primarily responsible for enabling vows and conduct is the "Acharya." 2. Primarily responsible for imparting scriptural study is the "Upadhyaya." 3. Those who practice intense austerities are "Tapasvi." 4. The one who has been newly initiated and is seeking education is the "Shaiksh." 5. Those who are weakened by illness, etc., are "Glani." 6. Various disciples of different Acharyas who are mutually studying together and have similar recitations are known as "Gan." 7. A single teacher and his disciple family are referred to as "Kul." 8. Followers of religion are called "Sandh."
Among them, monks, nuns, laymen, and laywomen are the four distinctions. 9. One who has renounced is a "Sadhu." 10. One who possesses equal qualities such as knowledge, etc., is called "Samane' – equal-minded.
Now the distinctions of self-study are mentioned:
Vachana, Prachhana, Anupraksha, Amnaya, and Dharmopadesha are the five distinctions of self-study.
To gain knowledge, to clarify it without doubt, to perfect it, and to promote it—all these fall within self-study, which is why five distinctions are presented here according to the order of study methods. They are as follows: 1. Receiving the first lesson of words or meanings is "Vachana." 2. Doubt...