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Chapter 8
In the discourse on the description of asrava, after discussing vows and donations, the description of bondage is given. First, the causes of bondage are indicated:
Mithyadarsana, avirati, pramada, kṣaya, and yoga are the five causes of bondage.
The nature of bondage will be described in the following verse. Here, it indicates its causes. Regarding the number of causes of bondage, three traditions are observed. According to one tradition, kṣaya and yoga are considered the same cause of bondage; the second tradition posits mithyatva, avirati, kṣaya, and yoga as the four causes of bondage. The third tradition, however, adds pramada to those four causes, describing five causes of bondage. Thus, despite existing differences in names and the terms being used, from a metaphysical perspective, there is no real distinction among the traditions; pramada is essentially a form of non-restraint.