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Chapter Sutra 19-12
It is understood that the rules are taken for the sake of confirmation. Each vow and conduct has five transgressions. These should be understood in a medium perspective; in a concise view, they can be imagined as less, and from an expansive perspective, they can be described as more than five.
Charitra means the absence of passions such as attachment and aversion, and the cultivation of equanimity. To establish this fundamental form of charitra, one must practice non-violence, truth, etc., which are accepted in the practical life as rules. All these are termed charitra. In practical life, the way of life is shaped according to the circumstances of place, time, etc., and also according to the modifications of human intellect. Therefore, with a change in those circumstances and modifications, the fundamental form of charitra also changes, and it is inevitable that changes occur in the rules and forms accepted as their basis; this is why the vows and rules of a householder appear in various different forms in the scriptures, and they may also undergo changes in the future. Nevertheless, here the author has conceptualized the thirteen parts of householder dharma, stating the transgressions of each as follows:
1. To stop or push any living being from going to its desired place, that is 'bondage';
2. To inflict harm using weapons or means such as arrows, that is 'injury';
3. To pierce or cut through organs such as ears, nose, skin, etc., that is 'dissection';
4. To impose a heavier burden on a human or an animal than its capacity, that is 'overburdening';