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Tattva Sutra
The self is believed to be eternal and unchanging. However, it is believed in a different way. The views of modern Mimansakas are similar to those of Vaisheshika and Nyaya. According to Buddhist philosophy, the self is merely a momentary flow of transient phenomena. Jain doctrine, however, asserts that there is no permanent stability in natural, material substances, nor is there momentariness; rather, there is resultant permanence, and accordingly, the self is also permanently resultant. This is why knowledge, happiness, sorrow, etc., should be understood as attributes of the self.
All states of the self's modifications are not of the same condition. Some modifications appear in certain states; some are found in multiple conditions. The states of the five are referred to as distinct. The self's modifications can have more than five attributes. These five attributes are as follows: 1. Aupashamik, 2. Kshayik, 3. Kshayoparamik, 4. Auyik, and 5. Parinamika.
1. The various results experienced—such as happiness, sorrow, and clarity—are all due to differing knowledge of distinct subjects. Believing only in those results and not perceiving an unchanging, stable essence among them is known as the flow of momentariness.
2. Just as the air remains still despite any disturbances caused by strong winds, in the same way, despite various changes in time and space, there is no alteration in the essence of stability.
3. The original substance remains unchanged across all three times (past, present, future), although it undergoes changes due to external factors like time and space, which is termed resultant permanence.