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The Tattvārthasūtra, due to its expectation of fundamental qualities, has named the two types of knowledge as bhavapratyay (knowledge based on birth) and guṇapratyay (knowledge based on virtue) concerning avadhi (clairvoyance). There are four categories of embodied beings: hellish beings, heavenly beings, animals, and humans. Of these, in the first two categories, beings attain bhavapratyay, or knowledge due to birth, while in the latter two, they attain guṇapratyay, or knowledge through virtue.
Question: If all embodied beings possess avadhi knowledge, then why is it that some acquire it effortlessly from birth, while others must put in special effort for it?
Answer: The complexity of causes is well-known. Who is unaware that in the bird species, simply being born grants the ability to fly in the sky, whereas in the human species, merely being born does not enable one to fly in the sky unless aided by something like an aircraft? Similarly, there are those in whom poetic ability seems innate while in others, it does not manifest without effort.
The differences in avadhi knowledge found in animals and humans are sixfold: 1. Anugāmic (following), 2. Anānugāmic (non-following), 3. Vardhamāna (progressive), 4. Hīyamāna (decreasing), 5. Avasthita (settled), and 6. Anavasthita (unsettled).