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________________ Remarks on J. W. de Jong's Notes on the SuvikrantavikramipariprcchaPrajnaparamita Text Hiromasa Tosaki J. W. de Jong wrote "Notes on Prajnaparamita texts : 2. The Suvikrantavikramipariprccha," PRAJNAPARAMITA AND RELATED SYSTEMS: Studies in honor of Edward Conze, ed. by Lewis Lancaster, BERKELEY BUDDHIST STUDIES SERIES 1, 1977, pp. 187-199 (again compiled in Buddhist Studies by J. W. de Jong, ed. by Gregory Schopen, Berkeley). It contains much useful information together with valuable suggestions. There are, however, some on which I do not agree with him. This paper is to remark on them. The abbreviations are same as used in de Jong's Notes. 1. (de Jong, p. 188. 14-p. 189. 1) Atah sarad vatiputra durlabhatamas te:..... mahakusalamalasamanvagatah. Naham Sasad vatiputra tan satvan mahasamsa. rasamprasthitan iti vadami, yesam ayam prajnaparamitanirdesah...... (p. 59. 11-18). The Tibetan translation agrees with the Sanskrit text apart from two minor differences : 1. mahakusalamalasamanvagatah, T. dge-ba chen-po danIdan-pa = mahakusalasamanvagatah; 2. ayam prajnaparamitanirdesah, T. sesrab-kyi pha-rol-pa (sic) 'di = iyam prajna paramita....... (Remark) "2. ayam prajnaparamitanirdesah, T. ses-rab-kyi pha-rol-pa (sic) 'di = iyam prajnaparamita" is not correct, because T. (Peking ed. 65b 7) has bstan pa after ses rab kyi pha rol tu phyin pa and thus agrees with the Sanskrit text : ayam prajnaparamitanirdesah. 2. (de Jong, p. 190. 33-37) Su. 8. 4-5: najnanena jnanam ity ucyate, napi jnanena jnanam ity ucyate. Ti ye-ses-kyis ye-ses ses bya'o // ye-ses-kyis mi-sespa zes mi-bya'o // = jnanena jnanam ity ucyate, na jnanenajnanam ity ucyate, C. najnanena jnanam ity ucyate, napi jnanenajnanam ity ucyate, napi jnanena jnanam ity ucyate. --- 976 --
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________________ Remarks on J. W. de Jong's Notes (H. Tosaki) (9) (Remark) C. (p. 1068a 14-16) has na jnanenajnanam ity ucyate before napi jnanena jnanam ity ucyate. Bu You Fei Zhi Shuo Ming Wei Zhi = ntjhanena jihaname y UCyate OSTOSK## =napi jnanena jnanam ity ucyate T =najnanena jnanam ity ucyate ITU Z =napi jnanena jnanam ity ucyate 3. (de Jong, p. 191. 15-28) Su. 8.12-14 (sic): Na hi jnanam vacaniyam napi jnanam kasyacid visayah sarvavisayavyatikrantam hi jnanam, na ca jnanam visayam, ayam Suvikrantavikramin jnananirdesah. Adeso 'pradesah, yena jnanenasau jnaninam jnaniti samkhyam gacchati, yaivam...... Hikata's punctuation is not correct because a full stop must be placed between visayam (read vinayah) and ayam, and the full stop between jnananirdesah and adeso must be omitted. ...... (Remark) No decisive reason to say that Hikata'sl) punctuation is not correct. Hikata seems to follow C. (p. 1068 a 26-28): O tom Xuan Shuo Zhi Xiang . Ru Shi Zhi Xiang Shi Bu Ke Shuo Bu Ke Shi Xian . According to Ti, a full stop must be placed between visayam and ayam as de Jong does. But it is impossible to determine the original reading. 4. (de Jong, p. 192. 36) Su. 15. 1: dhatuh samketena. Dhatuh is not found in Ti and c. (Remark) Dhatuh is found in C. (p. 1070 a 23): L A BORT. C. agrees with S.: dhatuh samketena vyavaharapadam gacchati. 5. (de Jong, p. 193. 2-4) Su. 15. 15-16: Tena tad. Tosaki suggests reading Naitad but according to Ti one must read te na (de ni ...... ma yin-no). Instead of te c. has 'the Buddhadharmas'. (Remark) It cannot be said that Tibetan de must be te in Sanskrit. Tibetan de stands generally for tad or etad in Sanskrit. So Tosaki's2) suggestion naitad buddhadharmanam adhivacanam agrees with Ti (Peking ed., 32b 2): de ni sans rgyas kyi chos kyi tshig bla dags ma yin no. C. ( W P W , p. 1070 b 9) probably means that the word) 'Buddhadharma' is not a designation of the (real) Buddhadharma. 6. (de Jong, p. 193. 31-33) Su. 20. 3: te najnatacittena bodhim ca pasyanti. - 975
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________________ (10) Remarks on J. W. de Jong's Notes (H. Tosaki) C. corresponds to: te 'nena jnanena citte bod him na pasyanti. C. does not translate na bodhau cittam pasyanti, na citte bodhim pasyanti (p. 20. 4-5). (Remark) C. (p. 1071 c 24-26) translates na bodhau cittam pasyanti, na citte bodhim pasyanti, though the order of the sentences hereabout differs from S., as follows: (i) te (i) t (=te 'nena jnanena) (ii) najnatacittena bodhim ca pasyanti (v) # CP T he (ii) na canyatra bodhes cittam pasyanti (ii) K# OL (=nanya ira cittad bodhim pasyanti) (iv) na bodhau cittam pasyanti (iv) ## O (v) na citte bodhim pasyanti (i) ORL 7. (de Jong, p. 194. 3-10) Su. 22. 20: anulomam ca samdhayanti. Conze3) translates : "they explain their secret intent) in agreement with just the fact". However, neither Ti nor C. support this explanation. Ti rjes-su mthun-par smra-bar byed-do; C. "they harmonize this and that so that there is no mutual opposition". Probably one must read samdhayanti as has been proposed by Matsumoto4). According to Edgerton dhayati and dhayate (from dha-) occur chiefly in comp. with antara-. C. is correct in translating samdhayati by 'to harmonize, to make agree'. (Remark) It is not necessary to read samdhayanti in stead of samdhayanti, because samdhayanti (from samdhaya, Nominal verb, cf. Monier-Williams's Dic., to put or join together, unite) with anulomam can be rendered by FA (p. 1072c 7) (to harmonize'). 8. (de Jong, p. 194. 32-34) Su. 43. 2: prajnaparamitanirdesapadam cadhigacchati sravanaya. According to C. one must read: prajnaparamita nirdesapadam cadhigacchati sravanaya. (Remark) Even according to C. (p. 1084 c 10-11): * * MET FW ("though as regards Prajnaparamita, various words are heard"), no emendation is necessary, because the Sanskrit text as it is conveys the same idea as C. S. means: the (various) words explaining Prajnaparamita reach the ear. Nirdesasravanaya gacchaty (p. 43. 3) should be read: nirdesah sravanaya gacchaty. - 974 --
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________________ Remarks on J. W. de Jong's Notes (H. Tosaki) (11) (de Jong, p. 195. 7-8) Su. 43. 24: prajnaparamitaya nirdesah karyam ca karoti. C. tasya nirdesena karyam ca karoti. (Remark) No word corresponding to tasya is found in C. C. (p. 1085a 2) abridged the word prajnaparamitaya, because the preceding prajnaparamitayah (p. 43. 23) comes down in function to this passage. And C. (m) agrees with S.: nirdesah karyam ca karoti. It seems that the preceding passage tasyah pattraih karyam karoti (p. 43. 22) made de Jong read tasya nirdesena karyam ca karoti. But is it necessary? While in the sentence tasyah pattraih karyam karoti, the subject is pu rusah (p. 43. 21), in the sentence prajnaparamitaya nirdesah karyam ca karoti, the subject is nirdesah. 10. (de Jong, p. 195. 11-14) Su. 47. 1-2: nasyam kascid upalabhyate yo 'bhisambuddhah. (Ms. 'bhisambuddha). Read with C. 'bhisamboddha. (Remark) It cannot be said that C. (p. 1085 e 21) stands only for abhisamboddhr. It may stand for abhisambuddha which has the active meaning. So C. does not necessarily make us read abhisamboddha. In other words, it is impossible to decide whether Ms. 'bhisambuddha is an error for 'bhisamboddha or 'bhisambuddhah. 11. (de Jong, p. 195. 30-33) Su. 62. 24-25: Asangalaksan (esu] hi Saradvattputra (sajanti) sarvabalaprthagjanah. Ms. Asangalaksana. Read Asangasanga (or asangasakta] hi Saradvattputra sarvabalaprthagjanah, cf. Ti byis-pa soso'i skye-bo thams-cad ni chags-pa med-pa la chags so . C. agrees with Ti. (Remark) C. does not agree with Ti. C. BARE (p. 1089c 13) =Asang alaksanesu sajanti balaprthagjanah; Ti=Asangasangah [or Asangasaktah sarvabalaprthagjanah. 12. (de Jong, p. 196. 4-8) Su. 68. 14-16: Tad yatha "yusman Saradvattputra dharmo nidarianam nopaiti kasyacid dharmasya, katham tasyaivodaharanirdeso (Hikata tasya evo-, but Ms. tasyaivo-) bhavisyati. Tosaki omits dharmo but this is found both in Ti and in C. (Remark) Hikata does not read tasya evo-, but tasya evo-. Hikata's reading tasya is correct, because from the context as well as according to C. (EAGERRES, p. 1091 b 10-11) the pronoun here must - 973 ******
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________________ (12) Remarks on J. W. de Jong's Notes (H. Tosaki) stand for Prajnaparamita. Tosaki5) does not omit this dharmo, but the dharmo in the 19 th line of the 70 th page in accordance with Ti. By the way, as regards my omission of dharmo (p. 70. 19) and emendation of pratyupasthitah (p. 70. 20) to pratyupasthita, I think at present that the passage should be read: dharmo na kasyacid dharmasya samyogaya va visamyogaya va pratyupasthitah, katham tasya nirdeso bhavisyati. (tasya = prajnaparamitaya). This reading agrees with C. (p. 1091 c 20-21): BAETEREA MIEJU. #TMERRE B LE. 13. (de Jong, p. 197. 29-34) Su. 98. 20-22: Yavat kalpana tavad vikalpana, nasty atra vikalpanasamucchedah. Yatra punah Suvikrantavikramin na kalpana na vikalpana, tatra kalpasamucchedah. Tosani (sic!) emends vikalpanasamucchedah to kalpana-. Ti has mi-rtog-pa which corresponds to vikalpana. For both vikalpanasamucchedah and kalpasamucchedah C. has kalpanavikalpanasamucchedah which is certainly the original reading. (Remark) Ti (Peking ed., 92 b 3) has no mi-rtog-pa, but rtog-pa, which made meh) emend vikalpana- kon De Jong should have mentioned the reason why he thought C. kalpanavikalpanasamucchedah is certainly the original reading. By the way, Peking ed., 93 a 8-b1: de ni rtog pa med do should be emended to de ni mi rtog pa med do (corresponding to na tatra vikalpana, p. 98. 15), and Peking ed., 93 b 3: ji srid du mi rtog pa de srid du to ji srid du rtog pa de srid du (corresponding to yavat kalpana tavad, p. 98. 20-21) as Sde-dge edition, 85a 1, 3. 1) Ryusho Hikata (ed.), SUVIKRANTAVIKRAMI-PARIPRCCHA PRAJNAPA RAMITA-SUTRA, Fukuoka, 1958. 2) Hiromasa Tosaki (Japanese tr.), "Zenyumyo Hannya-kyo," Daijo Butten, Vol. 1, Tokyo, 1973, p. 316. 3) Edward Conze (tr.), THE SHORT PRAJNAPARAMITA TEXTS, London, 1973, p. 19. 11-12. 4) Tokumyo Matsumoto (ed.), Aryasuvikrantavikramipariprccha-prajnaparamitani rdesasardhadvisahasrika-Bhagavatyarya-prajnaparamita, Tokyo, 1956. 5) Tosaki, op. cit., p. 315. 6) Ibid. (Assoc. Prof., Kyushu University) - 972 --