Vyavahara Sutra

Author(s): Nina Bohra
Publisher: Z_Jinavani_003218.pdf
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/229839/1

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vyavahAra sUna suzrI mInA boharA cAra chedasUtroM meM vyavahAra sUtra kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| isameM prAyacita, AlocanA, padoM kI yogyatA-ayogyatA, punIkSA, vihAra, AhAra, nivAsa Adi zramaNAcAra saMbaMdhI vividha vyavahAroM para prakAza DAlA gayA hai| Agama adhyetrI evaM adhyApikA sazrI mInA boharA ma (saMskRta) ne vyavahAra satra kI viSayavasta ko apane Alekha meM saMkSepa meM upanibaddha kiyA hai, jisase vyavahAra sUtra ke pratipAdya kaH saralatayA bodha ho jAtA hai| -sampAdaka vyavahAra sUtra kI gaNanA cheda sUtroM meM hotI hai| cheda sUtroM meM nirgrantha evaM nirgranthiyoM kI prAyazcitta-vidhi kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| cheda kA artha karate hue batAyA gayA hai . bajjhANuDhANeNaM jeNa Na bAhijjae ta ye NiyayA / saMbhavai ya parisuddhaM so puNa dhammammi cheutti|| jina kriyAoM se dharma meM bAdhA nahIM AtI ho aura jisase AtmA nirmala hotI ho use cheda kahate haiN| ye sUtra cAritra kI zuddhatA sthira rakhane ke lie haiN| nizItha ke bhASyakartA ne cheda sUtroM ko pravacana kA rahasya batAte hue guhya batAyA hai tamhA na kaheyacaM AyariyeNa pdynnrhss| khettaM kAlaM purisaM nAUNa pagAsae gujjh||- nizIthabhASya19.6184 saMyamI jIvana yAtrA ke daurAna lage doSoM aura prAyazcitta dvArA unakI zuddhi kA varNana cheda sUtroM meM upalabdha hai| isase yaha sUcita hotA hai ki jaina darzana meM mAnava kI kamajoriyoM ko chipAyA nahIM gayA hai, apitu atyanta sAhasapUrvaka yathArtha ko prastuta kiyA gayA hai aura unase mukta hone kA upAya batAyA gayA hai| prabala kAraNa hone para na cAhate hue bhI yA yAda na rahane se yA pramattatA kI sthiti meM doSa kA sevana ho jAtA hai| usa doSa kI zuddhi ke liye prAyazcitta Avazyaka hai, yahI cheda sUtroM kA varNya viSaya hai| Arya AryarakSita ne AgamoM ko anuyogoM ke AdhAra para cAra bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA (Avazyaka niyukti 363 . 367) / usake prathama bhAga caraNakaraNAnuyoga ke antargata cheda sUtroM ko liyA gayA hai| cheda sUtra kA nAmollekha sarvaprathama Avazyaka niyukti (770) meM huA hai| isake pazcAt vizeSAvazyaka bhASya (2295) evaM nizItha bhASya (5947) meM huA hai| cheda sUtra kI AcAra saMhitA ko 'jainAgama sAhitya : manana aura mImAMsA' (pR. 347) pustaka meM cAra bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA gayA hai-1. utsarga (sAmAnya vidhAna) 2. apavAda (paristhiti vizeSa kI dRSTi se vizeSa vidhAna) 3. doSa (utsarga evaM apavAda ko bhaMga karanA) aura 4. prAyazcitta

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418 , jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka (doSa lagane para AlocanA karake ucita daNDa lekara saMyamI-jIvana kI zuddhi krnaa)| cheda sUtra saMkSipta zailI meM likhe gaye haiN| inake karttA caturdaza pUrvadhArI bhadrabAha mAne jAte haiN| vyavahAra sUtra tRtIya cheda sUtra hai| vyavahAra sUtra ko dvAdazAMga kA navanIta kahA jAtA hai / isake dasaveM uddezaka ke tIsare sUtra meM pAMca vyavahAroM ke nAma haiN| isa sUtra kA nAmakaraNa ina pAMca vyavahAroM ko mukhya mAnakara kiyA gayA hai| vyavahAra sUtra, nizItha kI apekSA choTA evaM bRhankalpa kI apekSA bar3A hai| cAra cheTa sUtroM meM yahI eka aisA sUtra hai jisake nAma meM prArambha se lekara Aja taka koI parivartana nahIM huA hai| anya cheda sUtroM kI bhAMti isameM bhI zramaNa jIvana kI AcAra saMhitA kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| bRhatkalpa evaM vyavahAra ina donoM sUtroM ko eka-dUsare kA pUraka mAnA jAtA hai| 'vyavahAra' zabda 'vi' evaM 'ava' upasarga pUrvaka 'ha' dhAtu se 'ghaJ' pratyaya karane para niSpanna hotA hai| 'vi' upasarga vividhatA kA sUcaka hai, 'ava' saMdeha kaa| hR dhAtu se ghaJ pratyaya karane para 'hAra' zabda banatA hai| jo haraNa kriyA kA sUcaka hai ata: vyavahAra kA artha huA jisase vividhasaMzayoM kA haraNa hotA hai vaha vyavahAra hai nAnA saMdehaharaNAd vyavahAra iti sthitiH- kaatyaayn| 'vavahAra sunaM (muni kanhaiyAlAla 'kamala') meM vyavahAra sUtra ke tIna pramukha viSaya batAye gaye haiM- vyavahAra, vyavahArI evaM vyvhrtvy| dasaveM uddezaka meM varNita pAMca vyavahAra sAdhana haiM, zuddhi karane vAle AcAryAdi padavIdhara vyavahArI aura nirgrantha-nigranthiyAM vyavahartavya (vyavahAra karane yogya) haiN| vyavahAra kI laukika evaM lokottara ye do vyAkhyAe~ kI gaI haiN| laukika vyAkhyA meM punaH do bheda kiye gae haiM- sAmAnya evaM vishess| dUsare ke sAtha kiyA jAne vAlA vyavahAra sAmAnya hai aura aparAdha karane para rAjya zAsana dvArA ucita daNDa kA nirNaya karanA arthAt nyAya 'vizeSa' hai| lokottara vyAkhyA bhI do prakAra kI hai-sAmAnya evaM vishess| eka gaNa kA dUsare gaNa ke sAtha kiyA jAne vAlA vyavahAra 'sAmAnya' hai aura sarvajJa dvArA kathita vidhi se tapa Adi anuSThAna kA vapana evaM usase aticAra janya pApa kA haraNa 'vizeSa' vyavahAra hai (vyavahAra bhASya pIThikA gAthA 4) vyavahAra ke vidhi evaM avidhi ke bheda se do prakAra haiN| avidhi vyavahAra mokSa kA virodhI hai aura vidhi vyavahAra mokSa kA shyogii| ata: sUtra kA viSaya vidhi vyavahAra hai| (vyavahAra bhASya pIThikA gAthA 6) ___ vyavahAra sUtra meM 10 uddezaka haiN| 373 anuSTup zloka parimANa vartamAna meM upalabdha mUla pATha hai| 10 uddezakoM meM sUtra saMkhyA kramaza: isa prakAra hai

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2 2 vyavahAra sUtra uddezaka sUtra saMkhyA sUtra sakhyA 'vavahara suttaM-puni kanhaiyAlAla kamla) Ni chedasUtrANi vyAvara prathama dvitIya tRtIya caturtha 32 paMcama SaSTha saptama aSTama navama dazama prathama uddezaka sUtra 1 se 18 meM parihAra yogya sthala kA sevana karane para eka mAsa se lekara cha: mAsa taka ke prAyazcitta kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| yahAM utkRSTa prAyazcitta cha: mAha isalie batAyA gayA hai, kyoMki jisa tIrthaMkara kA zAsana hotA hai usa tIrthakara ke zAsana meM jitanA tapa utkRSTa mAnA jAtA hai usI ke anusAra unake AjJAnuvartI sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko utkRSTa tapa kA prAyazcina diyA jAtA hai| bha. mahAvIra ke zAsana kA utkRSTa tapa 6 mAha hai| prathama sUtra meM batAyA gayA hai ki jo bhikSu yA bhikSuNI eka bAra mAsika parihAra sthAna arthAt tyAgane yogya sthAna kI pratisevanA (AcaraNa) karake doSoM kI AlocanA kare to AcAryAdi mAyArahita AlocanA karane vAle ko eka mAsa kA tathA mAyA sahita AlocanA karane vAle ko do mAsa kA prAyazcitta deN| mAyArahita AlocanA kartA ke lie jo prAyazcitta hai, mAyA sahita AlocanA-kartA ke lie usase eka mAsa adhika prAyazcita kA vidhAna hai| isase spaSTa hotA hai ki saralatA meM hI dharma hai, cAritra zuddhi hai...- sohI ujjugabhUyassa dhammo suddhassa cii / mAyAvI vyakti jyAdA aparAdhI hotA hai, isIlie use jyAdA prAyazcitta diyA jAtA hai| isa taraha kramaza: dvimAsika, trimAsika, cAturmAsika, paMcamAsika parihAra sthAna kI eka yA aneka bAra pratisevanA karane para prAyazcitta kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| jisane aneka doSoM kA sevana kiyA ho use kramaza: AlocanA karanI cAhie aura phira sabhI kA sAtha meM prAyazcitta lenA caahie| prAyazcitta karate hue yaTi puna: doSa laga jAe to usakA puna: prAyazcitta lenA caahie| ina sUtroM meM yaha bhI batAyA gayA hai ki jo pArihArika hai arthAt parihAra tapa ko vahana karane vAlA hai vaha kisI anya bhikSu se saMbhASaNa nahIM kara sakatA, AhArAdi kA AdAna-pradAna nahIM kara sktaa| kevala kalpAka (prAyazcina dene vAle

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14201 .. jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGaka AcAryAdi) vAcanA karA sakate haiM evaM eka bhikSu ko kalpAka hI pArihArika kI vaiyAvRtya ke lie niyukta karate haiN| usa bhikSu ko anupArihArika kahaH jAtA hai| ye 18 sUtra nizItha sUtra ke uddezaka 20 ke samAna haiN| sUtra 19 meM batAyA gayA hai ki aneka pArihArika evaM apArihArika bhikSu sthavira kI AjJA ke binA eka sAtha rahanA, baiThanA Adi pravRtti nahIM kara sakate haiN| yadi ve aisA karate haiM to jinane dina kareM utane dinoM kA dIkSA cheda yA parihAra ta! kA prAyazcitta AtA hai| yahAM yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki samUha meM rahakara bhI pArihArika bhikSu akelA kArya karatA hai| samUha meM rahane kA kAraNa yaha ho sakatA hai ki ise dekhakara anya bhikSuoM ko bhaya utpanna ho jisase ve doSa kA sevana na kareM tathA pArihArika bhI kapaTa na karate hue zuddhipUrvaka prAyazcitta kA pAlana kre| sUtra 20,21 va 22 meM prAyazcitta kAla meM vaiyAvRtya hetu vihAra kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| pArihArika bhikSu sthavira kI AjJA se kisI rogI sthavira kI sevA ke lie anyatra jA sakatA hai| vihAra meM tapa karane kI zakti na ho to sthavira kI AjJA se tapa chor3akara bhI jA sakatA hai| ina sUtroM meM vaiyAvRtya kI mahattA pratipAdita kI gaI hai| uttarAdhyayana Adi anya jainAgamoM meM bhI vaiyAvRtya kA avasara hone para svAdhyAya Adi pramukha kAryoM ko chor3ane kA nirdeza hai - veyAvacce niutteNaM, kAyavvaM agilaayo|- uttarAdhyayana 26.10 mArga meM bhI pArihArika bhikSu ko akAraNa jyAdA nahIM ThaharanA caahie| akAraNa jitane dina ruke utane dina kA dIkSA cheda yA parihAra tapa kA prAyazcitta AtA hai| sUtra 23 se 25 meM ekAkI vihAra pratimA prAyazcina kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| yadi koI ekalavihArI bhikSu AcArya, upAdhyAya, gaNAvacchedaka puna: gaNa meM Ane kI icchA kare to use yathAyogya prAyazcitta dekara gaNa meM rakha lenA caahie| sUtra 27 se 30 meM pAsatthAdi pAMca prakAra ke bhikSuoM ke prAyazcina kA vidhAna hai| yadi bhikSu gaNa se nikalakara pAvastha, yathAnchanda, zIla, avasanna yA saMsatta vihAra pratimA ko aMgIkAra kara vicare aura puna: usI gaNa meM AnA cAhe to yadi usakA cAritra kucha zeSa ho aura saMyama pAlana ke bhAva hoM to tapa yA cheda kA prAyazcitta dekara puna: gaNa meM sammilita kara lenA caahie| sutra 31 meM batAyA hai ki yadi koI bhikSu gANa se nikala kara parapASaNDa pratimA (anya tIrthayoM kI vezabhUSA) ko dhAraNa kara vicare aura puna: usI gaNa meM AnA cAhe to use AlocanA ke atirikta aura koI prAyazcitta nahIM diyA jaae| sUtra 32 meM koI bhikSu yadi gaNa se nikala kara gRhastha liMga dhAraNaH

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vyavahAra sUtra 421 kara le to use naI dIkSA hI dI jAnI caahie| isake atirikta prAyazcitta nahIM AtA hai| sUtra 33 meM batAyA gayA hai ki bhikSu 7 vyaktiyoM ke samakSa apane akRtya sthAna kI AlocanA kara sakatA hai- 1. AcArya ke pAsa 2. unake abhAva meM svagancha ke bahuzruta ke pAsa 3. unake abhAva meM anya gaccha ke bahuzruta ke pAsa 4. unake abhAva meM sArUpika sAdhu ke pAsa 5. . unake abhAva meM pazcAtkRta zramaNopAsaka (jo mahAvrata chor3akara zrAvaka banA ho) ke pAsa 6. unake abhAva meM samyagdRSTi ke pAsa aura 7. unake abhAva meM grAma ke bAhara arihaMta - siddha prabhu kI sAkSI meM / dvitIya uddezaka sUtra 1 se 4 meM vicarane vAle sAdharmikoM ke parihAra tapa kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| do sAdharmika sAdhu sAtha vicaraNa kara rahe hoM, unameM se yadi eka akRtya sthAna kA sevana karake AlocanA kare to use prAyazcitta diyA jAve aura dUsarA usakI vaiyAvRtya kre| yadi donoM nirgrantha doSa ke bhAgI ho to pahale eka kalpAka sthApita ho aura dUsarA tapa kare, kalpAka hI vaiyAvRtya bhI kre| eka kA parihAra tapa pUrNa hone para kalyAka pArihArika sAdhu bane aura pArihArika kalpAka bane / aneka sAdharmika sAdhu sAtha vicara rahe hoM aura koI zramaNa doSa kA sevana kara AlocanA kareM to pramukha sthavira prAyazcita dhAraNa karAve evaM eka bhikSu ko usakI sevA ke lie niyukta kre| sAre sAdharmika akRtya sthAna kA sevana kare to eka kalpAka bane, zeSa pArihArika / bAda meM kalpAka prAyazcitta vahana kare / sUtra 5 meM batAyA gayA hai ki pArihArika bhikSu rogI hone para kisI akRtya sthAna kI pratisevanA kara AlocanA kare to usake lie tIna vikalpa haiM- 1. yadi vaha tapa karane meM samartha ho to tapa rUpa prAyazcitta deve evaM anupArihArika ko sevA meM niyukta kare / 2. tapa karane meM asamartha hone para vaiyAvRtya ke lie anupArihArika bhikSu niyukta kare 3. yadi pArihArika samartha hote hue bhI nirbalatA kA dikhAvA kareM anupArihArika bhikSu se sevA karAve to usakA prAyazcitta, pUrva prAyazcitta meM Aropita kre| sUtra 6 se 17 meM 12 prakAra kI vibhinna avasthAoM vAle bhikSuoM kA varNana hai 1 . parihAra tapa vahana karane vAlA 2. navama prAyazcitta tapa kA sevana karane vAlA 3. dasaveM prAyazcitta tapa kA sevana kartA 4 vikSipta citta se pIr3ita 5 dIptacitta (harSAtireka) se pIr3ita 6. yakSAveza se pIr3ita 7. mohodaya se unmatta 8. upasarga se pIr3ita 9. kaSAya se pIr3ita 10. adhika prAyazcita dene se bhayabhIta 11. bhakta pAna pratyAkhyAna se pIr3ita tathA 12. dhana ke pralobhana se pIr3ita / ina rugNa bhikSuoM ko gaNa se nikAlane kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai| jaba

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1422 jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGka | taka ve roga se mukta na hoM taba taka unakI aglAna bhAva se sevA karane kA nirdeza diyA gayA hai| bAda meM gaNAvacchedaka usa pArihArika bhikSu ko atyalpa prAyazcitta meM prasthApita kre| sUtra 18 se 22 meM anavasthApya (corI yA mArAmArI karane vAle navama prAyazcitta ke pAtra sAdhu) evaM pArAMcika (dasaveM prAyazcitta ke pAtra) bhikSu ko puna: dIkSita karane kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| anavasthApya evaM pArAMcika bhikSu ko gRhastha liMga dhAraNa karavAkara hI punaH saMyama meM upasthApita karane kA nirdeza hai| kadAcit gRhastha liMga ko dhAraNa karAye binA bhI puna: dIkSA denA gaNa ke pramukha ke nirNaya para nirbhara hai| gaNa kA hita jisa taraha karane meM ho vaisA kara sakatA hai| sUtra 23-24 meM batAyA gayA hai ki yadi koI bhikSu anya bhikSu para AkSepa lagAe. aura vivAda pUrNa sthiti ho to spaSTa pramANita hone para hI prAyazcitta denA cAhie, pramANita na hone para svayaM doSI ke doSa svIkArane para hI use prAyazcitta denA caahie| gaNa pramukha ko kabhI bhI eka pakSa ke kathana se hI nirNaya nahIM karanA cAhie, apitu ubhaya pakSa ko sunakara ucita nirNaya karanA caahie| sUtra 25 meM batAyA gayA hai ki ekapakSIya arthAt eka hI AcArya ke pAsa dIkSA aura zruta grahaNa karane vAle bhikSu ko alpa samaya ke lie yA yAvajjIvana AcArya yA upAdhyAya ke pada para sthApita karanA yA dhAraNa karanA kalpatA hai| sUtra 26 se 25 meM pArihArika evaM apArihArikoM ke paraspara AhArasaMbaMdhI vyavahAra kA kathana hai| yadi pArihArika ke sAtha apArihArika eka mAha taka sAtha rahe to 5 dinoM bAda sAtha baiThakara AhAra kara sakate haiM, 2 mAha rahane para 10 dina bAda, isa taraha 6 mAsa sAtha rahane para eka mAsa bAda, sAtha baiThakara AhAra kara sakate haiN| pArihArika ko sthavira kI AjJA se hI AhAra diyA jA sakatA hai tathA pArihArika sthavira kI AjJA hone para hI kabhI donoM pakSoM kI gocarI lA sakatA hai evaM paristhitivaza vigaya sevana kara sakatA hai| AhAra pAtra to alaga alaga hI hone caahie| tRtIya uddezaka sUtra 1 va 2 meM bhikSa ke gaNa dhAraNa kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| sUtra jJAna ko yogyatA se yukta paricchanna (AcArAMgAdi sUtroM ke parijJAna se yukta) bhikSu hI gaNapramukha bana sakatA hai, kinta sthaviroM kI AjJA ke binA vaha aisA nahIM kara sktaa| yadi aisA karatA hai to jitane dina gaNanAyaka banatA hai utane hI dina kI dIkSA kA cheda yA parihAra tapa rUpa prAyazcitta kA pAtra hotA hai| usake sAtha vAle sAdhuoM ko yaha prAyazcitta nahIM AtA hai| sUtra 3... 4 meM upAdhyAya paTa kI yogyatA kA vidhAna hai| 3 varSa kI

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vyavahAra sUtra 4231 dIkSA paryAya vAlA, AcAra kuzala, saMyama kuzala, pravacana kuzala, prajJapti kuzala, saMgraha kuzala, akSata cAritra vAlA, bahuzruta aura kama se kama AcAra prakalpa ko dhAraNa karane vAlA upAdhyAya pada ke yogya hai| ina guNoM ke abhAva meM upAdhyAya pada ko dhAraNa nahIM kara sakatA hai| sUtra 5-6 meM A~cArya evaM upAdhyAya pada kI yogyatA evaM ayogyatA kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| upAdhyAya ke yogya guNoM ke atirikta dIkSA paryAya 5 varSa aura kama se kama AcArAMga, sUtrakRtAMga aura 4 cheda sUtra kaNThastha ho to AcArya pada para niyukta ho sakatA hai| inake abhAva meM nhiiN| sUtra 7-8 meM gaNAvacchedaka kI yogyatA kA kathana hai| uparyukta guNa sampanna va 8 varSa kI dIkSA paryAya vAlA tathA pUrvokta Agama sahita sthAnAMga samavAyAMga sUtra ko kaNThastha karane vAlA gaNAvacchedaka pada para niyukti yogya sUtra 9-10 meM batAyA gayA hai ki niruddha paryAya (aneka varSoM taka saMyama kA pAlana karake vizeSa kAraNa se svajana saMbaMdhI ke dvArA balapUrvaka bhikSu veSa se mukta hone vAlA) tathA niruddha varSa paryAya (jisa bhikSu kI dIkSA paryAya kevala 3 varSa kI huI hai aura zruta kA adhyayana bhI usakA pUrNa nahIM huA hai, use yadi sambandhI balapUrvaka bhikSuveSa se mukta kara le jAve) bhikSu ko vizeSa paristhiti meM AcArya, upAdhyAya pada para niyukta kiyA jA sakatA hai| isa vidhAna se navadIkSita ko usI dina AcArya banAyA jA sakatA hai| sUtra 11 va 12 meM 40 varSa se kama Ayu vAle evaM 3 varSa kI dIkSA paryAya se kama saMyama vAle sAdhu-sAdhviyoM ko AcArya, upAdhyAya evaM pravartinI ke binA rahane kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai| sUtra 13 se 17 meM batAyA gayA hai ki bhikSa gaNa ko choDakara maithana sevana kare aura bAda meM punaH dIkSita ho jAe to 3 varSa paryanta AcAryAdi pada denA yA dhAraNa karanA nahIM kalpatA hai| pada chor3e binA maithuna sevana karane para AjIvana pada dhAraNa ke yogya nahIM rahatA hai| sUtra 18 se 22 meM batAyA gayA hai ki yadi koI bhikSu vedamohanIya janya kAmanA se vazIbhUta hokara anya bhikSu ko pada para niyukta kara veza chor3akara anyatra jAkara maithuna sevana kare aura bAda meM puna: vahAM jAkara dIkSita ho jAve to use 3 varSa paryanta pada denA nahIM kalpatA hai| veza chor3e binA akRtya karane para yA anya ko pada bhAra sauMpe binA saMyama chor3akara jAne para yAvajjIvana usa bhikSu ko pada nahIM diyA jA sakatA hai| sUtra 23 se 29 meM batAyA gayA hai ki bahuzruta bhikSu yA AcArya Adi padavIdhara aneka bAra jhUTha-kapaTa Adi apavitra evaM pApakArI kRtya kareM to ve jIvana bhara ke lie sabhI prakAra kI padaviyoM ke sarvathA ayogya ho jAte haiN| caturtha uddezaka

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jinavANI- jainAgama - sAhitya vizeSAGka sUtra 1 se 10 meM AcArya, upAdhyAya tathA gaNAvacchedaka ke varSAvAsa evaM anya samaya meM sAtha rahane vAle bhikSuoM kI saMkhyA kA nirdeza kiyA gayA haiN| uparyukta padavIdhara hemanta va grISma Rtu meM akele vihAra nahIM kara sakate, AcArya evaM upAdhyAya eka anya sAdhu ke sAtha tathA gaNAvacchedaka do anya sAdhuoM ke sAtha vihAra kara sakate haiM / varSAvAsa meM kramazaH 2 va 3 sAdhuoM ke sAtha raha sakate haiN| yahAM yaha bhI vidhAna hai ki aneka padavIdhara bhI uparyukta sAdhu saMkhyA apanI apanI nezrAya meM rakhate hue hI sAtha sAtha vicaraNa yA varSAvAsa kreN| 424 sUtra 11 va 12 meM AcArya Adi viziSTa padavIdhara ke kAla karane para zeSa sAdhuoM ke karttavyoM kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| jo bhikSu usa gaNa meM viziSTa pada ke yogya ho use hI pada para sthApita karanA cAhie, yogya na hone para zIghra hI yogya sAdhuoM ke pAsa yA anya AcArya Adi ke samakSa pahuMcanA caahie| sUtra 13 va 14 meM rugNa AcArya yA saMyama tyAga karake jAne vAle AcArya Adi ke Adeza anusAra yogya bhikSu ko AcAryAdi pada dene kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| yadi ayogya ho aura use koI gItArtha bhikSu yaha kaha deve ki tuma isa pada ko chor3a do aura vaha na chor3e to jitane dina na chor3e utane dina kA dIkSA leTa yA parihAra tapa ke prAyazcitta kA pAtra hotA hai| sUtra 15 se 17 meM navadIkSita bhikSu ke yogya hone para (kalpAka) 11 dina meM use bar3I dIkSA de denI caahie| usakA ullaMghana karane para AcArya upAdhyAya ko jitane dina ullaMghana kareM utane dina kA cheda prAyazcitta AtA hai| yadi navadIkSita ke sAtha mAnanIya mAtA-pitA Adi ne bhI dIkSA lI ho aura ve taba taka DjIvanikAya kA adhyayana pUrNa na kara pAyeM hoM to mAnanIya vyakti ko jyeSTha rakhane ke lie kalpAka kI bar3I dIkSA roke, kalpAka evaM mAnanIya vyaktiyoM ko sAtha bar3I dIkSA deve to ve prAyazcitta ke pAtra nahIM hote haiN| sUtra 18 meM viziSTa jJAna prApti ke lie yadi koI bhikSu apanA gaNa chor3akara anya gaNa meM jAne aura use anya bhikSu pUche ki tuma kisakI dekharekha meM vicara rahe ho to usake gaNa meM jo dIkSA meM sabase bar3A ho usakA nAma khe| usake bAda Avazyaka hone para sabase adhika bahuzruta bhikSu kA nAma leve| sUtra 19 meM aneka sAdharmika sAdhu eka sAtha abhinicarikA (gocarI ke samaya se pUrva gocarI jAnA yA anya kSetra meM govarI jAnA) karanA cAheM to sthavira kI AjJA lenA Avazyaka hai| AjJA na lene para jitane dina aisA kare utane dina ke dIkSA kreTa yA parihAra prAyazcitta ke pAtra hote haiN| sUtra 20 se 23 meM praviSTa evaM abhinitarikA vAle AgajAprApta

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vyavahAra sUtra: ........................... .... 425) bhikSu ke vinaya-vyavahAra kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| maryAdina dinoM se pUrva AcArya Adi mila jAveM to pUrva AjJA se hI vicaraNa karanA cAhie, kintu maryAdita dinoM (4-5) ke bAda abhinicarikA ke lie puna: AjJA lenI Avazyaka hai| sUtra 24-25 meM sAtha rahane vAle bhikSuoM ke sAtha vinaya vyavahAra kA kathana haiN| adhika dIkSA paryAya vAlA bhikSa kama dIkSA paryAya vAle bhikSu kI sevA inchA ho to kare, icchA na ho to na kare, para rogI ho to sevA karanA anivArya hai|doshkssaa paryAya meM choTe bhikSu ko jyeSTha bhikSu kI sevA karanA anivArya hai| jyeSTha sahayoga na lenA cAhe to Avazyaka nhiiN| sUtra 26 se 32 meM batAyA gayA hai ki aneka bhikSu. aneka AcArya, upAdhyAya Adi sAtha-sAtha vivacaraNa kareM to unheM paraspara samAna banakara nahIM rahanA cAhie, apitu jo dIkSA meM jyeSTha ho usI ko pramukha mAnanA caahie| paMcama uddezaka sUtra 1 se 10 meM nirdezita kiyA gayA hai ki pravartinI kama se kama do sAdhviyoM ko lekara vihAra kare evaM 3 sAdhviyoM ke sAtha cAturmAsa kreN| gaNAbanchedikA ke liye uparyukta nirdiSTa sAdhviyoM meM kramaza: eka-eka saMkhyA bar3hAne kA nirdeza hai| sUtra 11-12 meM pramukha sAdhvI ke kAla karane para zeSa sAdhviyoM meM se yogya sAdhvI ko pramukhA banAkara vicaraNa karane kA nirdeza hai| yogya na hone para zIghra hI anya saMghAr3e meM mila jAne kA vidhAna hai| sUtra 13 14 meM kahA gayA hai ki pravartinI ke Adeza anusAra yogya sAdhvI ko padavI denI caahie| yogya na hone para anya ko padavI dI jA sakatI hai| ayogya sAdhvI ko yadi anya sAdhviyA~ paTa chor3ane kA na kareM to ve sabhI sAdhviyoM dIkSA cheda yA tapa prAyazcitta kI pAtra hotI haiM .. sUtra 15-16 meM batAyA gayA hai ki yadi koI sAdhu yA sAdhvI pramAdavaza AcArAMga va nizItha sUtra vismRta karatA hai no vaha jIvanaparyanta kisI bhI paTa ke yogya nahIM hotaa| rogAdi ke kAraNa uparyukta sUtra vismRta hue hoM to puna: kaNThastha karane ke bAda use pada diyA jA sakatA hai| sUtra 17-18 meM kathana hai ki vRddhAvasthA prApta bhikSu ko yadi AcAra prakalpa adhyayana vismRta ho jAe to puna: kaNThastha kare yA na kare to bhI unheM pada diyA jA sakatA hai| ve sone--sole, baiThe-baiThe (Ara:ma se) bhI sUtra kI punarAvRtti, zravaNa yA pRcchA kara sakate haiN| stra 19 meM nirdezita hai ki vizeSa paristhiti ke binA sAdhu-sAdhvI ko paraspara AlocanA prAyazvina nahIM karanA caahie| sUtra 20 meM paraspara sevA kArya kA bhI niSedha kiyA gayA hai| sUtra 21 meM rAtri meM sArpa kATane para sthavirakalpI bhikSu ko cikilyA karanA kalAtA hai| gAndhAra karavAne para bhI ve prAyazcitta ke bhAga nahIM hote hai| jinakapI ko upahAra karanA nahIM kara pAtA hai|

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426 jinavANI- jainAgama- sAhitya vizeSAGka SaSTha uddezaka sUtra 1 meM batAyA gayA hai ki bhikSu sthavira kI AjJA lekara hI sva-jJAtijanoM ke yahAM monarI ke lie jaave| AjJA ke binA jAne para prAyazcitta ke pAtra hote haiN| alpazruta va agItArtha bhikSu ko jJAtijanoM ke yahAM akele jAnA nahIM kalpatA hai| gItArtha bhikSu ke sAtha hI jAnA kalpatA hai| vahAM pahu~cane se pUrva jo vastu banI hai vahI lenI cAhie, bAda meM banI vastu nahIM lenI caahie| sUtra 2-3 meM AcArya Adi ke atizaya kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai| AcArya evaM upAdhyAya ke pAMca atizaya haiM 1. donoM upAzraya ke bhItara pairoM kI raja sApha kara sakate haiN| 2. mala mUtra tyAga kara sakate haiM 3. unakA sevA kArya aicchika hotA hai| 4-5 upAzraya ke bAhara evaM bhItara vizeSa kAraNa se eka-do rAta akele raha sakate haiN| gaNAvacchedaka ke do atizaya haiM- 1-2 upAzraya ke bAhara evaM bhItara eka - do rAta akele raha sakate haiN| sUtra 4-5 meM kahA gayA hai ki aneka agItArtha bhikSuoM ko AcAraprakalpa -- dhara ke binA eka sAtha rahanA nahIM kalpatA hai| yadi rahe to prAyazcitta tapa ke pAtra hote haiN| paristhitivaza yogya upAzraya meM 1 - 2 rAta raha sakate haiN| 6 sUtra 6-7 meM batAyA gayA hai ki bahuzruta evaM gItArtha bhikSu aneka dvAra vAle upAzraya meM akelA nahIM raha sakatA, apitu eka dvAra vAle upAzraya meM donoM samaya dharma jAgaraNA karate hue akelA raha sakatA hai| sUtra 8-9 meM kathana hai ki jahAM para aneka strI-puruSa maithuna sevana karate haiM unheM dekhakara zramaNa hastakarma aura maithuna sevana karake zukra pudgaloM ko nikAle to kramazaH gurumAsika aura guru caumAsI prAyazcitta AtA hai| sUtra 10-11 meM anya gaNa se Aye hue zithilAcArI bhikSu-bhikSuNI kI cAritra zuddhi karake sammilita karane kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| saptama uddezaka sUtra 1-2 meM nirdeza hai ki pravartinI anya gaNa se AI huI saMkliSTa cittavAlI sAdhvI ko AcArya Adi kI AjJA ke binA tathA usake doSoM kI zuddhi karAye binA apanI nezrAya meM nahIM rakha sakatI hai aura ukta sAdhvI AcArya Adi ke pAsa Aye to pravartinI se pUche binA bhI ve nirNaya le sakate haiN| sUtra 3 - 4 meM batAyA gayA hai ki yadi koI sAdhu yA sAdhvI bAra-bAra zithilAcaraNa kare to usake sAtha sAmbhogika vyavahAra baMda kiyA jA sakatA hai| aisA karane ke lie gAdhviyA~ AcArya Adi ke pAsa paraspara pratyakSa vArtA

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vyavahAra sUtra .. . .. 427 nahIM kara sakatI, kintu sAdha pratyakSa bAta kara sakate haiN| yadi zithilAcArI sAdhu evaM sAdhvI pazcAttApa kare to sAmbhogika vyavahAra banda karanA nahIM kalpanA haiN| sUtra 5 se 8 meM dIkSA dene, na dene kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| sAdhu apane lie sAdhvI ko aura sAdhvI apane lie sAdhu ko dIkSita nahIM kara sakate haiM, apitu sAdhu, kisI anya sAdhvI kI ziSyA banane kA nirdeza kara sakatA hai tathA isI taraha sAdhvI bhI nirdeza kara sakatI hai| satra 0 va 20 kA anavATa To prakAra se kiyA gayA hai- sAdhvI ati dUraratha AcArya evaM pravartinI kI nizrA svIkAra karake dIkSA na leve, kintu sAdhu dUrastha AcArya Adi kI nizrA svIkAra karake dIkSita ho sakatA hai-(vINichedasUtrANi, byaavr)| 2. sAdhvI ko atidUrastha kSetra kI ora jAnA nahIM kalpatA hai, jabaki sAdhu jA sakate haiM (cavahArasutta-muni kanhaiyAlAla 'kamala') sUtra 11-12 meM kathana hai ki yadi koI sAdhvI, anya sAdhvI se kSamAyAcanA karanA cAhatI hai to vaha parokSa kSamAyAcanA kara sakatI hai, kintu sAdhu ko pratyakSa kSamAyAcanA karanA jarUrI hai| sUtra 13-14 meM nirdiSTa hai ki kAlika sUtra kI svAdhyAya velA meM utkAlika sUtra kA svAdhyAya karanA sAdhu ke lie akalpanIya hai, kintu sAdhvI nirgrantha kI nezrAya meM svAdhyAya kara sakatI hai| sUtra 15-16 meM nirgrantha-nirgranthiyoM ko svAdhyAya velA meM hI svAdhyAya karane kA nirdeza diyA gayA hai, asvAdhyAya kAla meM svAdhyAya nahIM karane kA nirdeza hai| sUtra 17 meM zarIra saMbaMdhI asvAdhyAya hone para svAdhyAya na karane kA nirdeza hai| kintu sAdhu-sAdhvI paraspara vAcanA de sakate haiN| sUtra 18-19 meM batAyA gayA hai ki 30 varSa taka dIkSA paryAya vAlI sAdhvI ko 3 varSa ke zramaNa paryAya vAle nirgrantha ko upAdhyAya ke rUpa meM svIkAra karanA kalpatA hai aura 60 varSa kI dIkSA paryAya vAlI sAdhvI ko AcArya yA upAdhyAya ke rUpa meM 5 varSa ke dIkSA paryAya vAle nirgrantha ko svIkAra karanA kalpatA hai, kintu binA AcArya evaM upAdhyAya ke rahanA nahIM kalpatA hai| sUtra 21-22 meM nirdeza hai ki yadi zayyAtara makAna beca deve yA kirAye para de deve to sthiti ke anusAra pUrva svAmI yA naye svAmI yA donoM kI AjJA lI jA sakatI hai| __ sUtra 23 ke anusAra gRhasvAmI ke na hone para jJAtakulavAsinI vidhavA lar3akI gRhasvAmI ke pitA, bhAI yA putra kI AjJA lekara nirgrantha upAzraya meM Thahara sakata hai| sUtra 24 meM kathana hai ki yadi mArga meM ThaharanA par3e to vahAM

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1428 . jinavANI- jainAgama-sAhitya vizeSAGakA vidyamAna vyakti ko ajJA lekara hI ThaharanA caahie| sutra 25 -.26 meM rAjya vyavasthA parivartita hone para usa rAjya meM vicaraNa karane ke lie sAdhu sAdhvI ko puna: AjJA lenI caahie| aSTama uddezaka gUtra 1 meM sAdhu ko nirdeza hai ki vaha sthavira guru kI AjJA se hI zayanAsana grahaNa kre| sUtra 2 se 4 meM zayyAsaMstAraka lAne kI vidhi kA ullekha hai| zayyAsaMstAraka halakA evaM eka hAtha se uThAyA jA sake aisA lAnA cAhie / 3 dina taka eka hI bastI meM gaveSaNA karake lAyA jA sakatA hai| vRddhAvasthA meM kAma AyegA isa prayojana se lAne para 5 dina taka gaveSaNA kI jA sakatI hai evaM dUra se bhI lAyA jA sakatA hai| satra meM ekala vihArI sthavira ko apane bhaNDopakaraNa kisI ko sambhalA kara gocarI jAnA kalpatA hai aura puna: lauTane para usakI AjJA se grahaNa karanA kalpatA hai| sUtra 6 se 1 meM batAyA gayA hai ki nirgrantha nirgranthI ko zayyAsaMstAraka anyatra le jAnA ho to vaha svAmI se punaH AjJA prApta kre| yadi kucha samaya ke lie zayyAsaMstAraka diyA ho to bhI puna: AjJA prApta kre| sUtra 10-11 meM kahA hai ki pahale zayyA saMstAraka grahaNa karane kI AjJA leve phira grahaNa kreN| jahAM muzkila se zayyA milatI ho vahAM pahale grahaNa kiyA jA sakatA hai phira AjJA lI jA sakatI hai| svAmI yadi anukUla na ho to anukUla vacanoM se AcArya Adi usako anukUla kre| sUtra 12 se 15 meM gire hAe yA vismRta upakaraNa grahaNa kA vibhAna kiyA gayA hai| nirgrantha kisI kAryavaza bAhara jAve taba usakA upakaraNa gira jAve aura anya sAdharmika zramaNa ko dikhe to usa upakaraNa ko lete samaya yaha bhAvanA rakhe ki jisakA hai use de dUMgA aura use de deve, yadi koI bhI bhikSu usa upakaraNa ko apanA na kahe to use gharaTha deve, apane pAsa na rkhe| sUtra 16 meM sUcanA hai ki yadi atirikta pAtra grahaNa kiye haiM to jinake lie grahaNa kiye hai unheM hI denA kalpatA hai| sUtra 17 meM UnodarI napa ke bAre meM batAyA gayA hai| navama uddezaka sUtra 1 se 8 meM zayyAtara ke yahAM atithi. naukara. dAsa, preSya aTi ke lie AhAra banA ho aura unheM pUrNa rUpa se de diyA gayA ho , usameM se bhikSu le sakatA hai, kintu zayyAtara ko vApasa AhAra lauTAne kI sthiti ho to AhAra lenA nahIM kalpatA hai| sUtra 9 se 16 meM kathana hai ki zayyAtara kA aisA svajana jisakA sampUrNa kharca zayyAnara deta ho, vaha alaga bhojana banAye to bhI bhinna ko vaha AhAra lenA nahIM kalpanA hai|

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vyavahAra sUtra ha 429 sUtra 17 se 36 ke anusAra zayyAtara kA bhAgIdAra yadi bhAgIdArI vAlI vastu deve to use lenA bhikSu ke lie akalpanIya hai| binA bhAgIdArI vastu le sakatA hai| yadi baMTavArA ho gayA ho to bhI vastu lI jA sakatI hai| sUtra 37 se 40 ke anusAra saptasaptamikA (49 dina rAta meM 196 bhikSA dattiyAM) aSTa- aSTamikA (64 dina rAta meM 288 bhikSAdatniyAM) navanavamikA (81 dina rAta meM 405 bhikSA dattiyAM) ina cAra pratimAoM kA ArAdhana sAdhu-sAdhvI donoM hI kara sakate haiN| sUtra 41 42 meM do bhikSu pratimAoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| svamUtra pIne kI choTI va bar3I prasravaNa pratimA kramazaH 7 va 8 upavAsa se pUrNa kI jAtI hai| upavAsa ke dinoM meM zuddha mUtra dina meM pIyA jA sakatA hai, rAtri meM nahIM / sUtra 43 44 meM datti kA svarUpa batAyA gayA hai| eka bAra meM jitanA AhAra akhaNDa dhAra se diyA jAe vaha eka datti kahalAtA hai| sUtra 45 meM tIna prakAra ke khAdya padArtha batAye gae haiM 1. phalitopahRta (miSThAnna, namakIna Adi) 2. zuddhopahRta (cane, phUlI Adi) 3. saMsRSTopana ( roTI, bhAta, khicar3I Adi) sUtra 46 meM avagRhIta AhAra ke tIna prakAroM kA ullekha hai- 1. parosane ke lie grahaNa kiyA 2 parosane ke lie le jAtA huA 3. bartana meM parosA jAtA huaa| kucha AcArya do prakAra kA bhI ullekha karate haiM- 1 parosane ke lie grahaNa kiyA jAtA huA 2. bartana meM parosA huaa| dazama uddezaka sUtra 1 va 2 meM yavamadhya candrapratimA va vajramadhyacandrapratimA kA varNana hai| viziSTa saMhanana vAle hI ina pratimAoM ko svIkAra karate haiN| inakI samayAvadhi eka-eka mAsa hotI haiM / ina pratimAoM ko svIkAra karane vAlA eka gAsa taka zarIra ke parikarma evaM mamatva se rahita honA hai| use anukUla evaM pratikUla donoM upasarga evaM parISaha hote haiN| ina pratimAoM meM AhAra pAnI kI ( dattiyoM kI) hAni-vRddhi kI jAtI hai| jahAM AhAra kI AkAMkSA karane vAle sabhI dvipada- catuSpada AhAra le lauTa gae hoM, jahAM eka hI vyakti AhAra kara rahA ho vahIM se AhAra liyA jA sakatA hai| jahAM aneka vyakti bhojana kara rahe hoM, garbhiNI strI ho, bacce vAlI ho usase AhAra lenA nahIM kalpatA hai| jisake donoM paira dehalI ke andara yA bAhara ho usase AhAra lenA bhI nahIM kalpatA hai| sUtra 3 meM pAMca prakAra ke vyavahAra kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai- paMcavihe vavahAre paNNate, taMjahA- Agame, sue, ANA, dhAraNA, jIe / arthAt 1 Agama vyavahAra 2. zrutavyavahAra 3 AjJA vyavahAra 4. dhAraNA vyavahAra aura 5. jIta vyavahAra ina pAMca meM se jisa samaya jo vyavahAra upalabdha ho usa samaya usI se kramaza: vyavahAra karanA caahie| jo zrama nirgrantha madhyaraza bhAva

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480 jinavANI- jainAgama sAhitya vizeSAka se usa upalabdha vyavahAra ko karatA hai vaha jinAjJA kA ArAdhaka hotA hai| zramaNa Agama vyavahAra kI pramukhatA vAle hote haiN| bhASyakAra vyavahAra sUtra kA mUla pATha yahIM taka mAnate haiN| sUtra 4 se 37 taka ke sUtra vyavahAra sUtra kI cUlikA rUpa haiN| sUtra 4 se 8 meM saMyamI puruSa kI pAMca caubhaMgiyA kahI gaI haiN| pratyeka puruSa meM guNa bhinna-bhinna hote haiN| inameM guNoM aura mAna ko saMbaMdhita karake batAyA gayA hai| jo sAdhu gaNa ke lie kArya karake bhI abhimAna nahIM karane ve utkRSTa haiN| kArya nahIM karane para abhimAna karate haiM ve nikRSTa haiN| jo mAna va kArya donoM karate haiM ve madhyama aura jo na mAna karate haiM na kArya ve sAmAnya haiN| sUtra 9 se 11 meM dharmadRr3hatA kI caubhaMgiyA kahI gaI haiN| sUtra 12 se 15 meM AcArya evaM ziSyoM ke prakAra kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| ina caubhaMgiyoM meM guru evaM ziSya se saMbaMdhita viSayoM kA kathana hai| sUtra 16 meM vaya sthavira (60 varSa kI Ayu vAlA), zruta sthavira (sthAnAMga- samavAyAMga kA dhAraka) evaM paryAya sthavira (20 varSa kI dIkSA paryAya vAlA), sthavira ke ina tIna prakAroM kA kathana hai| sUtra 17 meM bar3I dIkSA dene kA kAlagramANa batAyA gayA hai- utkRSTa, madhyama va jaghanya kAla pramANa kramaza: 6 mAsa, 4 mAsa va 7 rAtri kA hai| sUtra 18 meM nirdeza hai ki 8 varSa se kama umra vAle bAlaka ko bar3I dIkSA nahIM denI caahie| sUtra 20-21 meM nirdeza hai ki 16 varSa se kama umra vAle bAlaka ko AcAra prakalpa kA adhyayana nahIM karAnA caahie| sUtra 22 se 36 meM dIkSA paryAya ke sAtha Agama adhyayana krama batAyA gayA hai, jo isa prakAra haidIkSA paryAya Agama adhyayana AcArAMga, nizItha 4 varSa sUtrakRtAMga dazAkalpa, vyavahAra sUtra sthAnAMga, samavAyAMga 10 varSa vyAkhyA prajJapti kSullikA vimAna pravibhakti, mahallikA vimAna pravizakti, aMgacUlikA, vargacUlikA va vyAkhyA prajJapti cUlikA aruNopapAta, garuDopapAta, dharaNopapAta, vaizramaNopapAta, velandharopapAta 13 varSa utthAna zruta, samutthAna zruta, devendropapAta, nAgapariyApanikA 14 varSa svapna bhAvanA 3 varSa 5 varSa 11 varSa 12 varSa

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. . vyavahAra satra .... .. - 15 varSa cAraNa bhAvanA, 16 varSa tejonisarga 17 varSa AzIviSa bhAvanA 18 varSa dRSTiviSa bhAvanA 19 varSa dRSTivAda 28 varSa kI dIkSA paryAya vAlA zramaNa sarvazrutAnuvAdI ho jAtA hai| sUtra 37 meM ullekha hai ki AcArya, upAdhyAya, sthavira, tapasvI, zaikSa, glAna, sArmika, kula, gaNa tathA saMgha ina dasa kI vaiyAvRtya karane se zramaNa mahAnirjarA evaM mahAparyavasAna vAlA hotA hai| isa prakAra vyavahAra sUtra aneka vizeSatAoM ko lie hue hai| isameM zramaNa jIvana meM lagane vAle doSa evaM prAyazcitta kA vidhAna to hai hI, sAtha hI vinaya, vaiyAvRtya, svAdhyAya, UnodarI tapa, saMgha-vyavasthA ke niyama Adi aneka viSayoM kA vivecana bhI kiyA gayA hai| vyavahAra sUtra para vyAkhyA sAhitya bhI likhA gayA hai- vyavahAra bhASya, vyavahAra cUrNi, vyavahAra vRtti Adi pramukha vyAkhyA sAhitya hai| saMdarbha grantha 1. trINi chedasUtrANi- Agama prakAzana samiti, byAvara 2. vavahAra sutaM- muni kanhaiyAlAla 'kamala' 3. chedasUtra eka parizIlana- AcArya devendra muni 4. jainAgama navanIta (puSpa 7 se 12). Agama manISI tiloka muni ___ -suputrI zrI pukharAja boharA boharo kI pola , mahilA bAga. jodhapura