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________________ navembara taraGgavatI kathA tathA pAdaliptasUriH jaina ke ajaina ? vijayazIlacandrasUri taraGgavatI-taraGgalolA-kathA e prAkRta bhASAsAhitya- eka aNamola ratna che. zrIpAdaliptasUri nAme jainAcAryanI A racanA bhAratIya sAhityajagatamAM to sukhyAta hatI ja, paNa chellA be saikAmAM te vizvakhyAta paNa banI che. taraGgavatInI mUla suvistRta kathA A. pAdaliptasUrinI racanA che, jene vidvAno isvIsananI ArambhanI' sadIomAM thayela sarjana gaNAve che. paNa vakhata jatAM te mUla kathA luptaprAya thaI che, ane teno, A. nemicandrasUrikRta, 'saMkhittataraMgavaIkahA'nA nAme saMkSepa upalabdha thAya che. A saMkSepa sambhavataH 10 mI sadIno manAya che.2 A banne kathAo viSe ghaNu lakhAI cUkyuM che; DaoN. harivallabha bhAyANIe AnA sAnuvAda-sampAdanamA ghaNAM tAraNo ApyAM che, je adhikRta gaNAya tevAM che. tAjetaramA prA. narottama palANe potAnA eka lekhamAM evaM pratipAdana karavAno prayAsa ko che ke taraGgavatI e mULe jainetara (cAraNI?) paramparAnI kathA-racanA che, e rIte te jainetara racanA che, ane pAchaLathI tene koI jaina sAdhue jaina kathAmAM pheravI nAkhI che. 'gujarAtanI prathama prAkRtakathA ane kavitA' zIrSakanA, prA. kAnajI paTela abhinandana grantha (saM. gautama paTela vagere, I. 2005, amadAvAda) mAM prakAzita, potAnA e lekhamAM zrIpalANe carcelA muddA A prakAranA cha : "mULanI saMkhyAbaMdha laukika kathAo dharmapracArako dvArA potapotAnA dharmanuM svarUpa pAmI che. jaina... ane bauddha kathAkAro emanA dharmasiddhAnta mujaba zRGgAra ke vIrano (yuddhano) anubhava dharAvatA na hoya te svAbhAvika ja che, Ama chatAMya jainabauddha kathAomAM yuddhavarNana ane zRGgAravarNana Avela che te mULanI laukika kathAo parivartana pAmI hovAnuM sUcana kare che. gujarAtamAM sarjAyelI prathama prAkRtakathA taraGgavatI sandarbhe paNa Ama banyAnuM anumAna che. pAdalipta racita mULanI taraGgavatI kathA hAla prApta nathI, parantu taraGgavatInA AdhAre koI jaina AcArya dvArA sarjana pAmelI taraGgalolA nAmanI kathA
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________________ anusandhAna 34 upalabdha che. ema lAge che ke samaye samaye mULanI kathAmA sudhArAvadhArA thayA karyA haze ane jaina kathAkAronA ati mAnItA ghaTakatattva evA 'punarjanma'nI gUMthaNI paNa emAM thaI gaI haze. kathAmAM ja nahi, lekhaka-nAmamAM paNa 'AcArya' ane 'sUrijI' vaNAI AvyA haze ! ke. ha. dhruva jaNAve che ke taraGgavatIno kartA pAlita kiMvA zrIpAlita mArI samajamAM jainetara Thare che, kemake 8mA zatakanA haribhadrasUrinI 'ziSyahitA' nAme bRhaddattimAM "itaraloke nirdiSTavazAd vAsavadattA taraGgavatI ityAdi" mujaba A kathAno samAveza jainetara sAhityamAM ko che. ... ke.ha.dhruva pramANa ApatAM noMdhe che ke nemicandra gaNinA yaza nAmanA ziSye taraGgalolA evaM nAma rAkhI jainI dIkSA ApI.' (padyaracanAnI aitihAsika AlocanA' pR. 177)" prA. palANanAM anya vidhAno paNa A ja lekhamAM che, te joI laIe : "valabhIbhaMga pUrve je laukika kathA cha, valabhIbhaMga uttare jaina kathA bane che." "....jaina saMskaraNanI uttara maryAdA 15mI sadI sudhInI AMkI zakAya che." "...pAdalipta ane nAgArjunanI kathAnA aMzo pAchaLano umero samajavo joIe." "mULanI kathAnuM I.sa.nI 8mI sadI pachI jaina saMskaraNa thayuM haze ane kramazaH AjanuM svarUpa baMdhAtAM 500-700 varSa lAgyAM haze." prA. palANanA ukta lekhanAM tAraNo ATalAM tAravI zakAya : pAdalipta jaina kavi/sUri nahotA; jainetara hatA, temane pachInA jaina saMkSepakAre jaina kavi banAvI daI temanA nAma sAthe AcArya va. padavAcaka zabdo goThavI dIdhA che. 2. potAnA A nirIkSaNamA temane ke. ha. dhruvano Teko maLe che. 3. 'taraGgavatI' e jaina kathA nathI. mUlata: te ajaina athavA laukika kathA che. pAchaLathI tene jaina kathAnuM rUpa apAyuM che, ane temAM 500-700 varSomAM, sambhavataH cheka 15mI sadI sudhImAM aneka prakSepo thatAM rahyA che. jaina sAdhuo virAgI-vItarAgI hoI zRGgAra ane vIrarasanI vAtothI teo sAva anabhijJa ja hoya, aeNthI tenuM varNana ke pratipAdana karavAnI 4. jana sA
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________________ navembara sAhityika kSamatA teo pAse na ja hoya. prastuta kathAmAM to te be rasonuM varNana che, te parathI paNa A kathA jainetara hovAnuM phalita thAya che. A. haribhadre paNa ziSyahitA TIkAmAM A kathAne itara (jainetara) kathA tarIke varNavI che. 6. jaina pAdalipta ane nAgArjunano sambandha paNa kAlpanika lAMge che. 1. have A tAraNo tathA vidhAno viSe vimarza karIe : 3 pAdalipsa e jaina AcArya che ane taraGgavatI e temanI racanA che, evaM DaoN. bhAyANIe potAnA 'anulekha' mAM spaSTa pratipAdana kartuM che. kavi jo ajaina hota, athavA kathA jainetara ke laukika racanA hovAnuM lAgyaM hota, to bhAyANI jevA vidvAne prabandho ke prabandhakAronI zehamAM taNAIne kartA tathA kathAne 'jaina' lekhe svIkArIne vAta karI na hota. ane temanI vAta, pUrvadhAraNA ke pUrvagraha vihoNI hoIne jainoe saheje svIkArI paNa hota. 45 2. taraGgavatIno racanAkALa I.sa. nI ArambhanI 4 sadIo hovAnuM paNa bhAyANIe sthApI ApyuM che. 3. taraGgavatI e jainetara racanA che ane teno saMkSepa te tenuM jaina saMskaraNa che, evA vidhAnanI sAme DaoN. bhAyANIno A phakaro vAMcI : 5 46 saMkSepakAre spaSTa kahyuM che ke teNe pAdaliptanI mULagAthAomAMthI potAnI dRSTio gAthAo vINI laIne te kathAne saMkSipta karI che.... Ano artha e thayo ke saM. taraM. mAM je gAthAo ApelI che te ghaNuM kharuM to zabdaza: mULa taraGgavatInI gAthAo ja che.... eTale saM. taraM nI ghaNI kharI gAthAone ApaNe pAdalipsanI racanA tarIke laI zakIe. "A vastunuM asandigdha samarthana e hakIkatathI thAya che ke bhadrezvare 'kahAvalI' mAM taraGgavatIno je 425 gAthA jeTalo saMkSepa Apelo che tenI Azare 255 gAthAo (60 TakA) saM. taraM.nI gAthAo sAthe
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________________ 46 anusandhAna 34 zabdazaH sAmya dharAve che. ane bha.taraM.nI bAkInI ghaNIkharI gAthAo paNa saM. taraM mAM AMzika sAmya sAthe maLe che.... viSaya, sandarbha vagere jotAM e aMza bhadrezvare karelo umero nahi, paraMtu mULa kRtimAthI ja lIdhelo hovAnuM darzAvI zakAya tema che. AthI saM. taraM ane bha.taraM. vacce jeTalI gAthAo samAna che.... te asandigdhapaNe pAdaliptanI ja che, ane te uparAMta saM. taraM.nI bAkInI paNa moTA bhAganI gAthAone pAdaliptanI racanA gaNavAmAM kazo doSa jaNAto nathI." 4. taraGgavatI-saMkSepanA racanAkAra tathA tenA kALa aMge bhAyANInI noMdha juo : "ane jo artha evo ghaTAvIe ke saMkSepanI A prati vIrabhadrasUrinA ziSya nemicandragaNIne mATe jasa nAmanA lahiyAe lakhI che (eTale ke A gAthA paNa lahiyAnI racelI che) to e arthaghaTana vyAkaraNa ane vAkyaracanA sAthe susaMgata che. A vAta svIkArya lAge to saM.ta.no kartA ajJAta hovAnuM mAnaveM paDaze. "saM.ta.nA samaya bAbata paNa kazuM nizcitapaNe kahI zakAya tema nathI. ante jeno nirdeza che te nemicandra ane dhanapAlakRta 'usabhapaMcAsiyA' paranI avacUrinA kartA nemicandra e bane jo ekaja hoya to saM.ta.ne dasamI zatAbdInA anta pahelAM mUkI zakAya. saMkSepa prAkRtamAM ja che te hakIkata paNa mukAbale tenA vahelA samayanI samarthaka che... saM.taraM.nI hastapratamAM 9 mA patranA pahelA pAne (gA. 231)... i varNa 11-12mI zatAbdInI devanAgarInI jema upara be mIDAM ane nIce nAnI lakIraevA rUpe lakhAyelo che te paNa sUcave che ke e pratinA AdhAra tarIke bAramI zatAbdI lagabhaganI koI prata hovI joIe.''6 Do. bhAyANInI upara uddharelI noMdho parathI prA. palANanAM vidhAno ApoApa asaMgata puravAra thAya che, te have kahevAnuM na hoya. jaina sAdhu zRGgAra/vIra rasanA anabhijJa hoya, ane tethI tenuM varNana karavAmAM teo akSama hoya, evaM prA. palANa- tAraNa, jaina racanAkAronA sampUrNa jIvana-kavananI temanI anabhijJatA ja puravAra kare che. jaina sAdhuo dvArA thayela A be rasonuM utkRSTa digaNa paurANika temaja
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________________ navembara 6. madhyakAlIna aneka racanAomAM upalabdha che. rasonuM nirUpaNa karyA pachI tenuM paryavasAna vItarAgatA mAM-virAgamAM lAvavuM, e jaina racanAkArono vizeSa jarUra che. paNa teno artha teo AnA nirUpaNamAM akSama che ema karavo, ane teTalA mAtrathI ja pAdaliptane jainetara mAnavA te to hAsyAspada kalpanA che. ziSyahitA vRtti kayA sUtra paranI ? te dhruvasAhebe noMdhyuM nathI. sambhavataH dazavaikAlikasUtra paranI TIkA temanA manamAM (ke samakSa ) hovI joIe. prathama to temaNe noMdhela vAkya A TIkAmAM che ja nahi. temaNe anyatra kaze vAMcyuM paNa hoya to paNa te vAkya adhUruM che. dazavai0 paranI ziSyahitA vRttimAM taraGgavatIno ullekha A pramANe che : 47 " loke rAmAyaNAdiSu vede yajJakriyAMdiSu, samaye taraGgavatyAdiSu " || ( patra 114). mizrakathA ( dharma-artha-kAma vanAM mizraNavALI kathA) nA varNanamAM niyuktikAre je traNa prakAra pADI Apela che, tenAM dRSTAnta ApatAM A. haribhadrasUri noMdhe che ke loka (laukika ) mAM rAmAyaNa vageremAM; vedomAM yajJakriyA AdimAM; ane samaya eTale jainadharma-paramparAmAM taraGgavatI vageremAM (mizrakathA ) jANavI. Aja vAta dazavai0 paranI 'cUrNimAM paNa e ja pramANe varNavAI che. yAda rahe ke cUrNikAra haribhadrasUrinA purogAmI che. 7. pAdalipsa tathA nAgArjunano sambandha kAlpanika hoya to paNa te vAta jaina prabandho-pramANe pracalita che. prabandhomAM itihAsa - anuzrutinuM sammizraNa to hoya ja. parantu A banne pAtro to aitihAsika che, emAM zaMkA nathI. have bane vacce sambandha hato ke kema, ane sambandhanI bAta aitihAsika che ke kema, te nakkI karavAnuM kAma to tajjJonuM che.
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________________ anusandhAna 34 sAra e ke taraGgavatI jaina muninI ja racanA che. pAdalita e eka jainAcArya- ja nAma che. teo cAraNa jJAtinA nahotA, ke temaNe cAraNa kavionI racanA potAnA nAme paNa caDAvI nahotI. pharI kahIza ke cAraNa kavio pratyenA pakSapAtathI dorAIne jaina kavio tathA kAvyone khoTA TharAvavAM, te kAMI vidvajjanocita na gaNAya, ane evI rIte karyAthI cAraNa kavionI mahattA vadhI jAya ema paNa manAya nahi. kavinI mahattA tenI racanAthI ja puravAra karI zakAya, e vAta hamezA yAda rAkhavI joIe. pAdaTIpa 1. saMkhita taraMgavaI kahA, saM. DaoN. harivallabha bhAyANI, L.D. Series 75, I.sa. 1979, amadAvAda, pR. 279 2. e ja, pR. 285 3. e ja, pR. 275 4. e ja, pR. 279 e ja, pR. 179 6. e ja, pR. 285 7. dasakAliyasuttaM - Nijjuti cuNNisaMjuyaM, saM. muni puNyavijayajI, PTS. I. 1972, (riprinTa: 2003), pR. 58 OM 3