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________________ zrIrUpendra kumAra pagAriyA, nyAyatIrtha saptabhaMgI jainadharma jitanA AcAra jagat meM gaharA utarA hai, vicAra-jagat meM bhI utanA hI gaharA utarA hai. janma aura mRtyu jaise vikaTa saMkaTa se sarvathA mukti pAne ke lie sAdhaka ke jIvana meM AcArazuddhi aura vicAra zuddhi donoM kI AvazyakatA hai. AcAra aura vicAra donoM eka dUsare ke pUraka haiM. ekAntakriyAvAda kI pagaDaNDI para calane vAlA sAdhaka sahI vicAra ke abhAva meM apane gaMtavya sthala para nahIM pahu~ca sakatA. vizuddha AcAra ko samajhane ke lie tattvajJAna kI AvazyakatA hotI hai. jaba taka sAdhaka ko padArtha ke sahI svarUpa kA jJAna nahIM ho jAtA taba taka vaha kitanI hI kriyA kI gaharAI meM kyoM na gayA ho, jJAna ke abhAva meM usakI sAdhanA kI saphalatA meM sandeha hI rahatA hai. use tattva jJAna rUpa dIpaka kI AvazyakatA hai. isI dIpaka se sahAre vaha apane gaMtavya sthala para pahu~ca sakatA hai. vastu kI anantadharmAtmakatA: - kisI bhI vastu ke sacce jJAna ke lie usake sahI svarUpa ko jAnanA nitAnta Avazyaka hai. vastu anantadharmAtmaka hai. hamArA jJAna jyoM-jyoM Age bar3hatA jAtA hai tyoM-tyoM ajJAta dharma jJAta hote jAte haiM. vastu kA pUrNa jJAna honA hI sarvajJatA hai. bhautika vijJAna padArtha ke paryAyoM kI khoja karatA hai. usake guNa-dharmoM ko batAtA hai. usameM kauna-kauna sI prakriyAe~ hotI haiM, yaha bhI batAtA hai. tattvajJAna aisA nahIM karatA. vaha to padArtha ke guNoM ko svIkAra karake hI Age bar3hatA hai. ina vastuoM ke guNadharmoM kA padArtha ke sAtha kaisA sambandha hai, yaha batAne kA kAma tattvajJAna kA hai. vastu meM agaNita guNa-dharma hote haiM, jinameM kucha to jJAta hote haiM, kucha ardhajJAta aura kucha ajJAta aisI avasthA meM yathArtha jJAna kI prApti meM kaThinAI avazya sAmane AtI hai. isa kaThinAI ke kAraNa tattvajJAna ke itihAsa meM aneka saMzayavAdoM kA janma huA hai. dArzanika tattva-vicAra meM saMzayavAda lambe samaya taka nahIM Tika sakatA. usakA samAdhAna kahIM na kahIM nikala hI AtA hai. jo loga yaha kahate haiM ki satya hamezA ajJAta rahatA hai, unakA yaha kathana bhI nirNIta satya hI to hai. bhagavAn mahAvIra ne apane samaya ke ekAMtavAdoM ko khaNDita satya kahA. una khaNDita satyoM ke ekIkaraNa ke lie unhoMne samanvayAtmaka evaM sApekSa dRSTi rakhI. yahI vyApaka dRSTi tattva citaka sAdhaka ko satya kI ora le jAtI hai. 00 satya vizAla, vyApaka, akhaNDa aura ananta hotA hai, parantu sAmAnyataH mAnava kA nahIM pAtA, khaNDarUpa meM athavA aneka aMzoM meM hI vastu kA jJAna kara pAtA hai. satya ko jIvana meM utArane ke lie vyApaka dRSTikoNa kI AvazyakatA hai. vyaSTi, samaSTi aura parameSThI jIvana vikAsa kI yaha kamapaddhati hai jainadarzana kI satyonmukhI anekAntadRSTi, jainadharma kA sarva sahiSNu ahiMsA siddhAMta aura jaina paramparA kA cirAgata samanvayavAda, ye tInoM milakara eka hI kArya karate haiM aura vaha hai vyakti samaSTi ke vikAsa meM avarodhaka na bane balki samajhautA karake parameSThI se rUpa meM pariNata ho jAya-paramajyoti bana jAya. isa zreyas evaM vizAla dRSTikoNa ko jIvana meM DhAlane se pUrva vastu tattva ke svarUpa ko samajha lenA Avazyaka hai. cetanaacetanamaya isa jagat kI pratyeka vastu anantaguNa-dharmoM kA akhaNDa piNDa hai. vaha kabhI nahIM rahI yaha nahIM kahA jA sakatA. vaha nahIM hai - yaha bhI nahIM kahA jA sakatA, lekina kahA yaha jAyagA ki vaha thI, hai aura rahegI. vRtta, vartamAna aura vartiSyamAn ina tInoM kAloM meM kabhI bhI usakA abhAva nahIM hotA. ataH vastu sat hai, zAzvata hai, nitya hai, parantu kUTastha nitya nahIM, apitu pariNAmI nitya hai, kyoMki pratyeka vastu meM pratikSaNa pUrva paryAya kA vigama aura uttara paryAya kA utpAda 10101010101010 Slolo i otol parimita jJAna use sampUrNa rUpa meM jAna satya ke parijJAna ke lie athavA jJAta alololol alolat
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________________ -0-0-0--0-0-0-0-0--0-0 342 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya hotA rahatA hai. ata: dravyadRSTi se padArtha nitya hai kintu vigama aura utpAda dRSTi se arthAt paryAyadRSTi se pratikSaNa badalane vAlA pariNAmI hai. suvarNa ke kaMkaNa ko tor3akara usakA kaTisUtra banAvA DAlA. huA kyA ? AkRti badala gaI parantu usakA suvarNatva nahIM badalA. vaha to jyoM kA tyoM haiM. jaisA pahale thA vaisA aba bhI. siddhAnta yaha rahA ki-dravyaM nityaM, AkRtiH punaranityA'. pramANa aura naya-padArtha ko samajhane kI jJAnapaddhati do prakAra kI hai svArtha aura parArtha. mati Adi rUpa jJAnapaddhati svArtharUpa hai aura zabdarUpa paddhati parArtharUpa hai. parArtha-paddhati ke do bheda haiM, pramANa rUpa aura naya rUpa. ananta dharmAtmaka vastu-tattva ke samasta dharmoM ko athavA usake aneka dharmoM ko grahaNa karane vAlA jJAna pramANa hai aura usake kisI eka dharma ko grahaNa karane vAlA jJAna naya hai. jaise 'ayaM ghaTaH' yaha jJAna pramANa hai, kyoMki isameM ghaTa ke rUpa, rasa, gandha aura sparza kA evaM laghuguru choTe-bar3e Adi AkArarUpa dharmoM kA jJAna ho jAtA hai. 'rUpavAn ghaTaH' yaha jJAna naya hai, kyoMki isameM ghaTa ke anantadharmoM meM se kevala eka dharma arthAt rUpa kA hI pratibhAsa hai, anya rasa, gandha Adi dharmoM kA nahIM. 'nayavAda' jainadarzana kI vyApaka vicArapaddhati hai. jainadarzana hara bAta ko 'naya' paddhati se socatA hai, usakA vizleSaNa karatA hai. jainadarzana meM aisA koI bhI sUtra yA artha nahIM jo nayazUnya ho-'natthi nayehi vihUNaM suttaM attho ya jiNamaye kiMci.' naya ko pramANa mAnA jAya yA apramANa ? yaha jaina dArzanikoM ke sAmane eka gambhIra prazna thA. yadi naya pramANa hai to vaha pramANa se bhinna kyoM hai ? aura yadi apramANa hai to yaha mithyAjJAna hogA. phira mithyAjJAna kA mUlya hI kyA hai ? isa kA samAdhAna janadArzanikoM ne bar3e acche DhaMga se kiyA hai. ve kahate haiM-naya na to pramANa hai aura na apramANa. vaha pramANa kA eka aMza hai. jaise samudra kA eka bindu samudra nahIM kahA jA sakatA parantu samudra kA aMza to kahA jA sakatA hai. pramANa kA viSaya anekAntAtmaka vastu hai aura naya kA viSaya usa vastu kA eka aMza. yahAM yaha prazna bhI ho sakatA hai ki yadi naya anantadharmAtmaka vastu ke kisI eka hI aMza ko grahaNa karatA hai to vaha mithyAjJAna hI rahegA. phira usase padArtha kA yathArtha jJAna kaise ho sakatA hai ? isakA samAdhAna AcAryoM ne asaMdigdha bhASA meM kara diyA hai. ve kahate haiMyadyapi naya anantadharmAtmaka vastu ke eka hI dharma ko grahaNa karatA hai parantu itane mAtra se use mithyAjJAna nahIM kaha sakate. eka aMza kA jJAna yadi vastu ke anya aMza kA niSedha karatA ho to use mithyA kaha sakate haiM kintu jo aMzajJAna apane se atirikta aMza kA niSedha na kara kevala apane dRSTikoNa ko hI batAtA hai use mithyAjJAna nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai. jo naya apane svIkRta dharma kA pratipAdana karate hue apane se bhinna dharma kA niSedha karatA hai vaha nissaMdeha naya na hokara nayAbhAsa yA durnaya hotA hai. nirapekSa naya durnaya hai aura sApekSa naya sunaya hai. saptabhaMgI kA rUpa :-jaisA ki hama kaha Aye haiM, padArthajJAna ke lie pramANa aura naya ye do paddhatiyA~ haiM. ina donoM paddhatiyoM kA samAveza 'saptabhaMgI' meM ho jAtA hai. saptabhaMgI kA artha hai sAta vAkyoM kA samUha arthAt eka prazna kA sAta DhaMga se uttara. kisI prazna kA uttara yA to 'hA~' meM diyA jAtA hai yA 'nahIM' meM. hA~ aura nahIM ke aucitya ko lekara hI 'saptabhaMgI' vAda kI racanA huI hai. kisI bhI padArtha ke lie apekSA ke mahattva ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue sAta prakAra ke vacanoM kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai. ve isa prakAra haiM (1) kathaMcit ghaTa hai. (2) kathaMcit ghaTa nahIM hai. (3) kathaMcit hai aura nahIM hai. (4) kathaMcit ghaTa avaktavya hai. (5) kathaMcit ghaTa hai aura avaktavya hai. (6) kathaMcit ghaTa nahIM hai aura avaktavya hai. (7) kathaMcit ghaTa hai, nahIM hai aura avaktavya hai. prazna ke vaza se eka hI vastu meM avirodha rUpa se vidhi-pratiSedha kI kalpanA hI 'saptabhaMgI' hai. kisI bhI padArtha ke viSaya NMMAR Jain Education Intematonal
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________________ 1 rUpendrakumAra pagAriyA, nyAyatIrtha : saptabhaMgI : 343 meM sAta prakAra ke prazna ho sakate haiM. isIlie saptabhaMgI kahI gaI hai. sAta prakAra ke praznoM kA kAraNa hai sAta prakAra kI jijJAsA aura sAta prakAra kI jijJAsA kA kAraNa hai sAta prakAra ke saMzaya, tathA sAta prakAra ke saMzayoM kA kAraNa hai usake viSaya rUpa vastu ke dharmoM kA sAta prakAra se honA. uparokta paribhASA se yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki saptabhaMgI ke sAta 'bhaMga' kevala zAbdika kalpanA hI nahIM kintu vastu ke dharmavizeSa para Azrita haiM. isalie saptabhaMgI kA vicAra karate samaya yaha dhyAna rakhanA Avazyaka hai ki usake pratyeka bhaMga kA svarUpa vastu ke dharma ke sAtha saMbaddha ho. yadi kisI bhI padArtha kA koI bhI dharma dikhalAyA jAnA jarUrI ho to use isa prakAra dikhalAyA jAnA cAhiye jisase ki una dharmoM kA sthAna usa vastu meM se vilupta na ho jAe. jaise ki Apa ghaTa meM nityatva kA svarUpa batalAnA cAhate haiM to Apako ghaTa ke nityatva kA bodha karavAne ke lie aise upayukta zabda kA prayoga karanA cAhiye jo ghaTa kA nityatva to batAtA hI ho kintu usake anityatva Adi anya dharmoM kA virodha na karatA ho. yaha kArya saptabhaMgI dvArA hI ho sakatA hai. zaMkA-bhaMga sAta hI nahIM kintu adhika bhI ho sakate haiM jaise ki prathama aura tRtIya vikalpoM kA eka sAtha ullekha karane se nayA bhaMga bana sakatA hai. isI taraha sAtoM bhaMgoM meM se eka dUsare ke sAtha do-do yA tIna-tIna bhaMga ke jor3ane se aura bhI navIna bhaMga bana sakate haiM ? uttara-prathama aura tRtIya dharma ko milAne se utpanna navIna bhaMga ke anusAra navIna vAcya padArtha kI pratIti loka meM nahIM pAI jAtI. isI prakAra anya bhaMga ke lie bhI samajhanA cAhiye. aisI avasthA meM sAta se adhika bhaMgoM kI utpatti kA prazna hI utpanna nahIM hotA. isa prakAra eka dharma ke AdhAra se sAta hI bhaMga banate haiM, kintu padArtha anantadharmAtmaka hai, ataH ananta saptabhaMgiyA~ bhI bana sakatI haiM, kintu bhaMgoM kI maryAdA sAta hI hai. zaMkA-mAnA ki saptabhaMga se adhika bhaMga nahIM ho sakate kintu unase kama to ho sakate haiM ? kyoMki jo ghaTa svarUpa se sat hai vahI anya paTAdi rUpa se asat bhI hai, isalie 'syAdastyeva' tathA 'syAnnAstyeva' ye do dharma nahIM ghaTita ho sakate. ina donoM kA eka dUsare meM samAveza ho jAtA hai. ataH ina do bhaMgoM meM se kisI eka hI bhaMga ko mAna lo. dUsare kI AvazyakatA nahIM. samAdhAna-yaha kathana ayogya hai kyoMki sattva aura asattva donoM eka dUsare se bhinna haiM. jo sattva hai vaha asattva nahIM ho sakatA aura jo asattva hai vaha sattva nahIM ho sakatA. aisI sthiti meM donoM ko alaga-alaga hI mAnanA cAhiye. agara inheM eka dUsare se alaga nahIM mAnA jAyagA to svarUpa se sattva grahaNa ke sadRza para rUpa se bhI sattva mAnane kA prasaMga AjAyagA. aura para rUpa se asattva kI taraha svarUpa se bhI bhasattvagrahaNa kA prasaMga AjAyagA. sAtha hI bauddha loga jo trirUpa hetu tathA naiyAyika paMcarUpa hetu mAnate haiM ve bhI sattva aura asattva kI apekSA se hI mAnate haiM. arthAt-hetu kA sapakSa meM pAyA jAnA yaha sattva kI apekSA se aura vipakSa meM na pAyA jAnA yaha asattva kI apekSA se mAnA hai. unhoMne bhI sattva aura asattva ko bhinna-bhinna hI mAnA hai. yadi aisA na mAnakara sattva aura asattva meM se kisI eka ko hI mAnate to trirUpa va paMcarUpa hetu kI hAni hotI ata: unake siddhAnta se bhI sattva kA bheda hI siddha hotA hai. zaMkA-sattva aura asattva ko bhale hI bhinna-bhinna mAna leM kintu sattvAsattva svarUpa tIsare bhaMga ko alaga mAnane kI kyA AvazyakatA? kyoM ki jaise ghaTa aura paTa ina donoM ko alaga-alaga kahane para yA eka sAtha ubhaya rUpa se ghaTa-paTa kahane para bhI ghaTa-paTa kA hI jJAna hotA hai, bhinna jJAna nahIM hotA hai, ata: 'syAdasti aura syAd nAsti' mAnane ke bAda tIsarA bhaMga asti nAsti mAnanA vyartha hai. samAdhAna-pratyeka kI apekSA ubhayarUpa samudAya kA bheda anubhavasiddha hai. jaise bhinna gha aura Ta kI apekSA se samudAya rUpa 'ghaTa' isa pada ko saba vAdiyoM ne bhinna mAnA hai. yadi bhinna nahIM mAnA jAya to 'gha' itanA kahane mAtra se hI 'ghaTa' kA bodha ho jAnA cAhiye. jisa prakAra pratyeka puSpa kI apekSA se mAlA kathaMcit bhinna hai usI prakAra kramApita 'ubhayarUpa-sattva asattva', 'sattva' aura 'asatva' kI apekSA se kathaMcit bhinna hI haiM. CAREE Jain Education international varartersunresed Grememorary.org
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________________ -0-0--0-0--0 344 : muni zrI hajArImala smRti grantha dvitIya adhyAya prazna -krama se yojita sattva asattva ubhayarUpa kI apekSA se sahayojita sattva asattva isa ubhayarUpa kA bheda kaise siddha ho sakatA hai ? uttara- -krama se yojita kalpanA sahayojita kalpanA se bhinna hI hai, kyoMki pUrva kalpanA meM padArtha kI paryAe~ krama se kahI jAtI haiM, jabaki uttara kalpanA meM yugapad una paryAyoM kA kathana hai. yadi bheda nahIM mAnA jAyagA to punarukti doSa kI saMbhAvanA rahegI. kyoMki eka vAkya janya jo bodha hai, usI bodha ke samAna bodhajanaka yadi uttara kAla kA vAkya ho to yahI punarukti doSa hai. yahA~ para krama se yojita tRtIya bhaMga hai aura akrama se yojita caturtha bhaMga hai. tRtIya bhaMga ke dvArA utpanna jJAna- vikalpa, astitva ke sAtha nAstitva rUpa sthiti ko batalAtA hai. isa prakAra se svayaMsiddha hai ki tRtIya aura caturtha bhaMga se utpanna jJAnoM meM samAna AkAratA nahIM hai, ataH donoM bhaMga alaga-alaga hI haiM. prazna --- bhaMga sAta hI nahIM kintu nau hote haiM. jaise tRtIya bhaMga meM rahe huye 'astitva nAstitva' ke krama kA parivartana kara dene se 'nAstitva-astitva' rUpa nayA bhaMga bana jAyagA. isI prakAra sAtaveM bhaMga meM pradarzita krama ko bhI palaTa diyA jAya arthAt 'syAdasti nAsti ca pravaktavyaH' ke sthAna meM 'syAnnAsti prasti ca avaktavya' vanA diyA jAya to eka aura nayA bhaMga bana jAtA hai. isa prakAra bhaMgoM kI saMkhyA nau ho jAegI. nUtana bane hue bhaMgoM meM tIsare aura sAtaveM bhaMga kI punarA vRtti nahIM kahI jA sakatI hai, kyoMki astitvaviziSTa nAstitva kA bodha tRtIya bhaMga se hotA hai. jabaki navIna bhaMga se nAstitvaviziSTa astitva kA bodha hotA hai vizeSaNa- vizeSyabhAva kI viparItatA ho gaI hai, jo vizeSaNa thA vaha vizeSya bana gayA hai aura jo vizeSya thA vaha vizeSaNa bana gayA hai, yahI bAta sAtaveM bhaMga ke saMbaMdha meM bhI nUtana bhaMga ke sAtha samajhanA cAhiye. arthAt usameM bhI krama badala gayA hai, vizeSaNa- vizeSyabhAva kI viparItatA A gaI hai. ataH bhaMga sAta nahIM kintu nava banate haiM ? uttara - uparokta zaMkA meM kevala samajha kA hI phera hai. vaha isa prakAra hai-tRtIya bhaMga meM rahe hue 'astitva aura nAstitva' donoM hI dharma svataMtra haiM. paraspara sApekSa rUpa se rahe hue nahIM haiM. isIliye pradhAnatA hone ke kAraNa se hI padArtha meM akktavyatA dharma kI utpatti hotI hai, tadanusAra vizeSaNa vizeSya jaisI koI sthiti nahIM hai. kintu paryAyoM meM bhUtakAlIna bhaviSyatkAlIna aura vartamAnakAlIna dRSTikoNa se hI astitva nAstitva aura avayava jaise vAcaka zabdoM kI AvazyakatA par3atI hai. avaktavyatva rUpa dharma asti nAsti se vilakSaNa padArtha hai. satva mAtra hI vastu kA svarUpa nahIM hai aura kevala asattva bhI vastu kA svarUpa nahIM hai. sattva asattva ye donoM bhI vastu kA svarUpa nahIM haiM, kyoMki ubhaya se vilakSaNa anya jAtIya rUpa se bhI vastu kA honA anubhavasiddha hai. jaise dahI, zakkara, kAlI miraca, ilAyacI, nAgakezara tathA lavaMga ke saMyoga se eka navIna jAti kA peya-rasa taiyAra ho jAtA hai, jo ki uparokta pratyeka padArtha se svAda meM aura guNa meM evaM svabhAva meM bhinna hI bana jAtA hai. phira bhI sarvathA bhinna nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai aura na sarvathA abhinna bhI kahA jA sakatA hai, evaM sarvathA avaktavya bhI nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai. isa prakAra sAtoM hI bhaMgoM meM paraspara meM vilakSaNa artha kI sthiti samajha lenA cAhiye. ataeva pRthak pRthak svabhAva vAle sAtoM dharmoM kI siddhi hone se una-una dharmoM ke viSayabhUta saMzaya, jijJAsA Adi kramoM kI zreNiyA~ bhI sAta-sAta prakAra kI hotI haiM, isa prakAra pratyeka dharma ke viSaya meM sAta-sAta bhaMga hote haiM. sakalAdeza aura trikalAdeza - yaha saptabhaMgI do prakAra kI hai-- eka pramANasaptabhaMgI aura dUsarI naya-saptabhaMgI. pramANavAkya ko sakalAdeza vAkya arthAt sampUrNarUpa se padArthoM kA jJAna karAne vAlA vAkya kahate haiM aura nayavAkya ko vikalAdeza arthAt eka aMza se padArthoM kA jJAna karAnevAlA vAkya kahate haiM. prazna- Apane pramANa aura naya-saptabhaMgI ke bhI sAta-sAta bheda mAne haiM kintu sAta-sAta bheda eka-eka ke nahIM siddha hote haiM kyoMki prathama dvitIya va caturtha bhaMga vastu ke eka dharma ko hI batAte haiM ataH ye tIna bhaMga nayavAkya yA vikalAdeza rUpa haiM aura tRtIya, paMcama, SaSTha aura saptama bhaMga vastu ke aneka dharmoM kA bodha karAnevAle hone se pramANavAkya yA sakalAdeza rUpa haiM.
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________________ rUpendrakumAra pagAriyA, nyAyatIrtha : saptabhaMgI : 345 uttara-yaha kathana ayogya hai, kyoMki aisA mAnane para to syAdvAda-siddhAnta kA virodha hogA. prazna-anya loga yaha zaMkA karate haiM ki saptabhaMgI ke saptavAkya alaga-alaga to vikalAdeza rUpa hI haiM kintu sAtoM mila kara sakalAdeza rUpa haiM. uttara-pRthak-pRthak vAkya sampUrNa arthoM ke pratipAdaka nahIM hone se vikalAdeza haiM, yaha kathana ayukta hai; kyoMki aisA mAnane para to sAtoM vAkya bhI vikalAdeza ho jAveMge. kAraNa sAtoM vAkya milakara bhI sampUrNa artha ke pratipAdaka nahIM ho sakate. sampUrNa arthapratipAdaka to sakalazrutajJAna hI ho sakatA hai. siddhAnta ke jJAtA to yaha kahate haiM ki anantadharmAtmaka sampUrNa vastu ke bodha karAne vAle vAkya ko sakalAdeza aura eka dharmAtmaka vastu kA bodha karAne vAle vAkya ko vikalAdeza kahate haiM. kahane kA tAtparya yaha hai ki sakalAdeza kI dRSTi meM padArtha ananta guNa rUpa hai, jaba ki vikalAdeza kI dRSTi meM padArtha eka guNa rUpa hai. sakalAdeza samaSTi rUpa hai, jaba ki vikalAdeza vyaSTi rUpa hai. parantu donoM hI apekSA pUrvaka padArtha kI vivecanA karate haiM. 'eva' pada kI sArthakatA- ina saptabhaMgoM meM anya dharmoM kA nivedha nahIM karake vidhi-viSayaka arthAt sattA ke viSaya meM bodha utpanna karAne vAlA vAkya prathama bhaMga hai. jaise : 'syAt asti eva ghaTa:.' isI prakAra anya dharma kA niSedha na karake niSedha-bodha-janaka vAkya dvitIya bhaMga hai. jaise : 'syAt nAsti eva ghaTa:.' 'syAdastyeva' meM asti ke bAda 'eva' lagAne kA artha yahI hai ki pratyeka padArtha svarUpa kI apekSA se astittva rUpa hI hai na ki nAstitvarUpa. svarUpa kI apekSA se nAstitva kA niSedha karane ke lie hI 'eva' zabda lagAyA gayA hai. bauddhadarzana kA kathana hai ki sabhI zabdoM meM anya se vyAvRtti karAne kI zakti hone se ghaTa-paTa Adi zabdoM dvArA ghaTa se bhinna athavA paTa se bhinna padArthoM kI vyAvRtti ho jAyA karatI hai. ataH avadhAraNavAcaka 'eva' zabda kA prayoga karanA vyartha hai. uttara-sAmAnyataH zabda vidhi rUpa se hI artha kA bodha karAte haiM. kintu saMzaya, anizcaya, avyApti, ativyApti Adi doSoM kI nivRtti ke lie evaM anya kI vyAvRtti ke lie 'eva' zabda kA prayoga anivArya hai. yaha avadhAraNavAcaka 'eva' tIna prakAra kA hotA hai1--ayogavyavacchedabodhaka arthAt dharma-dharmI ke saMbaMdha ko samAna adhikaraNa rUpa se batAnevAlA, evaM dharma-dharmI kI ekAkAratA, ekatra-sthiti-dharmatA athavA ekarUpatA batAne vAlA 'eva' ayoga-vyavacchedabodhaka kahalAtA hai. 2-anyayogavyavacchedabodhaka-arthAt adhikRta padArtha meM iSTa dharmoM ke atirikta anya padArthoM kA athavA anya padArthoM ke dharmoM kA astitva nahIM hai, isa prakAra dUsare ke saMbaMdha kI nivRtti kA bodhaka 'eva' zabda anyayogavyavacchedabodhaka hai. 3-atyantAyogavyavacchedabodhaka--arthAt atyanta asaMbaMdha kI vyAvRtti kA jJAna karAnevAlA 'eva' zabda atyantAyogavyavacchedabodhaka hai. yaha doSapUrNa saMbaMdhoM kI evaM itara saMbaMdhoM kI bhI sarvathA vyAvRtti karatA hai. (1) yahI 'eva' zabda vizeSaNa ke sAtha lagA huA ho to 'ayoga' kI nivRtti kA bodha karAne vAlA hotA hai. jaise : zaMkhaH pANDuH eva-zaMkha sapheda hI hai. yahA~ para zaMkha meM sapheda dharma kA hI vidhAna usake asaMbaMdha kI vyAvRtti ke lie hai.yahI ayoganivRtti hai. (2) 'eva' zabda vizeSya ke sAtha lagA ho to 'ayoga vyavaccheda rUpa' artha kA bodha karAtA hai. jaise ki pArtha eva dhanudharaH' arthAt dhanuSyadhArI pArtha hI hai. isa udAharaNa se pArtha ke sivAya anya vyaktiyoM meM dhanurdharatva kA vyavaccheda kiyA gayA hai. (3) yadi kriyA ke sAtha 'eva' lagA huA ho to vaha 'atyantAyoga ke vyavaccheda kA bodhaka hotA hai. jaise : 'nIlaM saroja bhavatyeva-kamala nIlA bhI hotA hai. yahA~ para itara varNoM kA niSedha na karate hue nIlatva dharma kA vidhAna bhI hai. 'syAtU' zabda kA prayojana-sapta-bhaMgI vAkya-racanA meM jitanA 'eva' zabda kA mahattva hai utanA hI 'syAt' zabda kA bhI PATH Jain Ede
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________________ 346 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti grantha : dvitIya adhyAya mahattva hai. anekAnta, vidhi, vicAra Adi aneka arthoM meM 'syAt' zabda kA prayoga hotA hai kintu yahA~ para kevala anekAnta ke artha meM hI 'syAt' zabda kA prayoga kiyA hai. anekAnta arthAt aneka dharma svarUpa. prazna- ' syAt' zabda se hI jaba aneka dharma-svarUpa ghaTa Adi padArthoM kA bodha ho jAtA hai, taba astitva Adi zabdoM kI kyA AvazyakatA hai ? uttara - 'syAt' zabda se anekAnta rUpa artha kA sAmAnya rUpa se bodha hone para bhI vizeSa rUpa se artha kA bodha karAne ke lie vAkya meM astitva Adi anya zabda kA prayoga karanA bhI Avazyaka hai. ataH vivakSita artha kA nizcayapUrvaka jJAna karane ke lie jaise 'eva' zabda lagAnA anivArya hai vaise hI sarvathA ekAnta pakSa kI vyAvRttipUrvaka anekAnta rUpa artha kA jJAna karane ke lie 'syAt' zabda kA jor3anA anivArya hai. prazna -jo ghaTa Adi padArtha haiM, ve sabhI apane-apane dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva se astitva rUpa hI haiM, na ki anya padArtha se saMbandhita dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva ke kAraNa se asti rUpa haiM. kyoMki anya dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva Adi kI nivRtti to aprasaMga hone se apane Apa hI ho jAtI hai. aisI avasthA meM 'syAt' zabda jor3anA nirarthaka hai. uttara--kisI dRSTikoNa se yaha satya ho sakatA hai parantu jisa padArtha kA vivecana kiyA jA rahA hai usameM rahI huI anekAntAtmaka sthiti kisa zabda se pragaTa hogI ? yaha jAnane ke lie aura batalAne ke lie evaM vastusthiti ko ThIka samajhane ke lie 'syAt' zabda jor3anA jarUrI hai. isake sivAya pratyeka dravya meM dravyatva abhedavRtti se rahatA hai, tathA paryAyeM bhI abheda ke upacAra se dravya ke hI Azrita hotI haiM. isa prakAra dravya anekAnta rUpa vAlA hotA hai. yaha sthiti 'syAt' zabda se pratIta hotI hai. ataH sakalAdeza saptabhaMgI aura vikalAdeza saptabhaMgI meM 'syAt' zabda jor3anA anivArya hai. krama aura yaugapadyaH - sakalAdeza pramANAtmaka vAkyapraNAlI hai aura vikalAdeza nayAtmaka vAkyapraNAlI. sakalAdeza praNAlI ghaTAdi rUpa padArtha ko sAmUhika rUpa se padArtha meM sthita sabhI dharmoM ko eka rUpa se kAla Adi ATha dvAroM dvArA abheda vRtti se aura abheda rUpa upacAra se viSaya karatI hai. jabaki vikalAdeza praNAlI kAla Adi AThoM dvAroM dvArA bhedavRtti se aura bheda rUpa upacAra se padArtha meM sthita aneka dharmoM meM se kisI eka dharma ko hI apekSA dvArA varNana karatI hai. prazna- -krama aura yaugapadya se ApakA kyA tAtparya hai ? -- uttara- - pratyeka padArtha meM astitva aura nAstitva Adi aneka dharma haiM, unakA varNana deza kAla Adi kI apekSA se jaba karanA ho taba kevala astitva Adi kisI eka zabda ke dvArA usa padArtha meM sthita aneka dharmoM kA eka sAtha varNana nahIM dharmoM kA varNana ho sakatA hai. ataH nizcita pUrvAparabhAva praNAlI karanA kramapaddhati hai. kramapaddhati se viparIta yaugapadya hai. padArtha kiyA jA sakatA hai aura na eka zabda dvArA hI una saba dvArA athavA anukrama zailI dvArA usa padArtha kA varNana meM sthita astitvAdi aneka dharmoM kI kAla Adi kAraNoM se jaba ekarUpatA batalAI jAtI ho, tathA kevala eka zabda ke AdhAra se dharmavizeSa kA kathana karake usI meM zeSa dharmoM kI sthiti samajha lI jAtI ho, isa prakAra kA pratipAdana eka samaya meM bhI sambhava hai. isa taraha kA jo vastu-svarUpa kA nirUpaNa hai vahI yaugapadya hai. kAla Adi ATha dvAraH-1 kAla, 2 AtmarUpa 3 artha 4 sambandha, 5 upakAra 6 guNideza, saMsarga aura - zabda, ina ATha dvAroM se vastu ke kisI eka dharma se zeSa dharmoM kA abheda mAnA jAtA hai. ( 1 ) " asti eva ghaTaH- yahA~ para jisa kAla meM ghaTa dravya meM astitva dharma rahatA hai, usI kAla meM zeSa ananta dharmaM bhI ghaTa meM rahe hue hote haiM. isa prakAra eka kAla avasthiti kI dRSTi se zeSa ananta dharmoM ko astitva dharma se abhinna mAnanA kAla se abhedavRtti hai. (2) jaise ghaTa meM 'astitva' nAmaka guNa usakA svarUpa banakara rahatA hai, vaise hI anya aneka guNa - jaise kAlApana Adi bhI ghaTa ke svarUpa banakara rahate haiM. yahI 'eka svarUpatva' nAmaka AtmarUpa dUsarA dvAra hai jisake dvArA abhedavRtti nAmaka jJAnapraraNAlI utpanna hotI hai. $3 Jan Education Internationa Toate &nal Use Only www.jainellorary.org
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________________ rUpendrakumAra pagAriyA, nyAyatIrtha saptabhaMgI 340 (3) jaise 'astitva' nAmaka guNa kA ghaTa dravya AdhAra hai vaise hI anya ananta dharmoM kA AdhAra bhI vahI ghaTa dravya hai. ataH artha kI dRSTi se astitva aura anya guNoM meM abhedavRtti hai (4) jaise astitva nAmaka guNa kA ghaTa dravya ke sAtha sambandha hai vaise hI anya guNoM kA bhI usake sAtha sambandha hai, ataH sambandha kI dRSTi se bhI astitva aura anya guNoM meM abhedavRtti hai. : (5) jaise astitva nAmaka guNa padArtha ke prati sattA ke pradarzana meM aura apanI viziSTatA ke sampAdana meM sahAyatA karatA hai, vaise hI anya guNa bhI astitva kI taraha apanI apanI kriyArUpa sahAyatA karate haiM aura padArtha kI viziSTatA ke sampAdana meM sahayoga pradAna karate haiM. ataH guNoM kI 'upakAra' vRtti samAna hone se upakAradRSTi se bhI abhedavRtti pAI jAtI hai. (6) jaise astitva nAmaka guNa ghaTa dravya ke jisa kSetra meM rahatA hai usI kSetra meM anya zeSa dharma bhI rahate haiM. ataH astitva kI taraha anya dharma bhI eka hI deza meM rahane vAle hone se guNideza kI apekSA se abhedavRtti hai. (7) jaise - 'astitva' nAmaka guNa kA ghaTa dravya ke sAtha saMsarga hai vaisA hI zeSa ananta dharmoM kA bhI eka hI vastutva svarUpa se usI ghaTa ke sAtha saMsarga hai. vaha saMsargadRSTi se abhedavRtti huI. prazna - saMbaMdha aura saMsarga paryAyavAcI jaise zabda pratIta hote haiM, ataH inameM paraspara meM kyA antara hai ? - uttara - jahA~ abhedavRtti kI pradhAnatA ho aura bhedavRtti kI gauNatA ho, vaha 'sambandha' abhedavRtti hai aura jahA~ bhedavRtti kI pradhAnatA aura abhedavRtti kI gauNatA ho vaha saMsarga abhedavRtti hai. arthAt bheda kI gauNatA aura abheda kI pradhAnatA 'saMbaMdha' hai. jabaki abheda kI gauNatA aura bheda kI pradhAnatA 'saMsarga' hai. (8) yaha 'hai' aisA zabda jaise astitva guNa vAle ghaTa padArtha kA vAcaka hai, vaise hI zeSa ananta guNoM vAle ghaTa padArtha kA vAcaka bhI yahI hai. isa prakAra sabhI guNoM kI eka zabda dvArA vAcakatA siddha karane vAlI 'zabda' nAmaka abheda vRtti hai. dravyArthika naya kI gauNatA aura paryAyArthika naya kI pradhAnatA hone para isa prakAra ke guNoM kI abhedavRtti kI saMbhAvanA nahIM hotI, jaise- (1) eka hI padArtha meM paraspara virodhI aneka guNoM kI sthiti eka sAtha meM honA asaMbhava hai, kyoMki pratyeka kSaNa meM vastu kA parivartana hotA rahatA hai. vaha kAlakRta bhinnatA hai. (2) nAnA guNoM kA svarUpa paraspara meM bhinna hotA hai. ataH AtmarUpa abhedavRtti paraspara kI bhinnatA meM nahIM pAI jAtI hai. (3) apane Azraya rUpa artha (padArtha) aneka rUpa hotA huA padArtha rUpa se sabhI guNoM ke lie bhinna-bhinna rUpavAlA hI hai, kyoMki paraspara meM virodhI guNoM kA ekatra honA asaMbhava hai. isa prakAra artha rUpa se bhinnatA hotI hai. (4) saMbaMdhI ke bheda se saMbandha kA bhI bheda dekhA jAtA hai, ataH saMbaMdha se bhI abhedavRtti nahIM dikhAI detI hai. (5) aneka guNoM dvArA kie hue vA kriyamANa, upakAra bhI aneka haiM, ataH upakAra se bhI prabhedavRtti nahIM dikhAI detI. (6) pratyeka guNa kI apekSA se guNI ke deza kA bhI bheda mAnA gayA hai. ataH guNideza kI apekSA se bhI bhedavRtti hI siddha hotI hai. (7) saMsarga kI bhinnatA se saMsargI meM bhI bhinnatA A jAtI hai, ataH saMsarga kI dRSTi se bhI bhedavRtti siddha hotI hai. (8) artha ke bheda hone se zabda kA bhI bheda anubhavasiddha hai. yadi zabdabheda nahIM mAnoge to vAcya kA arthabheda kaise pratIta hogA ? ataH zabda se bhI bhedavRtti siddha hotI hai. isa prakAra paryAyArthika naya kI dRSTi se kathaMcit bheda-rUpa varNana hone Jain Education Internationel For Private & Personal Use Omy
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________________ 348 : muni zrIhajArImala smRti-grantha : dvitIya adhyAya ------0-0--0--0--0--0-0-0 se AThoM dvAroM dvArA bheda praNAlI kI hI mukhyatA hotI hai. kintu dravyAthika naya kI dRSTi se kathaMcit abheda rUpa se varNana hone se uparokta prakAroM dvArA abhedapraNAlI kI hI mukhyatA rahatI hai. pratyeka padArtha apane dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva kI apekSA se astirUpa hai. aura para dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva kI apekSA se nAstirUpa hai. dravya se dravyatva kathaMcit bhinna hai aura kathaMcit abhinna hai. dravyAthika naya kI dRSTi se abhinna hai aura paryAyAthika naya kI dRSTi se bhinna hai. bhaMga sAta hI kyoM?-(1) 'syAt asti eva ghaTa:' isa prathama bhaMga meM padArtha kI vivecanA 'sattA' rUpa se kI gaI hai. isa meM yaha batAyA gayA hai ki-padArtha apane dravya, kSetra, kAla aura bhAva kI dRSTi se asti rUpa hai. (2) 'syAt nAsti eva ghaTaH' isa dvitIya bhaMga meM padArtha kI vivecanA 'nAsti' rUpa se kI gaI hai. isameM yaha pradarzita kiyA gayA hai ki sabhI padArtha para kI apekSA se nAsti rUpa hI hote haiM. yadi para kI apekSA se padArtha ko nAsti rUpa nahIM mAneMge to sabhI padArthoM ke sarvAtmaka hone kA prasaMga A jAyagA. aura isa prakAra padArthoM ke prati avyavasthA doSa utpanna ho jAyagA. ataH uparokta donoM bhaMgoM kI padArtha kI vAstavika vivecanA ke lie AvazyakatA hai. (3) 'syAt asti ca syAt nAsti ca ghaTa'. isa tRtIya bhaMga meM astitva-nAstitva kI vivecanA krama se batalAI gaI hai. isameM 'ghaTa' vizeSya hai aura krama se yojita vidhi evaM pratiSedha vizeSaNa rUpa haiM. (4) 'syAt avaktavya eva ghaTa:' isa cauthe bhaMga meM padArtha kI vivecanA meM 'sahaapita' yAne donoM sthitiyAM sAtha-sAtha yojita rUpa se batalAI gaI haiM. 'saha apita' avasthA meM sva kI apekSA se aura para kI apekSA se ghaTa 'astirUpa' bhI hotA hai, aura 'nAstirUpa' bhI hotA hai. aisI dazA meM kisI bhI zabda dvArA usakA vivecana kara sakanA asaMbhava hotA hai. kyoMki zabdazAstra meM aisA koI zabda nahIM hai, joki eka sAtha padArtha kI astitva aura nAstitva donoM hI sthitiyAM batalA sake, ataH zabdAbhAva ke kAraNa ise 'avaktavya' kahA gayA hai. prazna-anekAntavAda chala mAtra hai. kyoMki isameM nityatA anityatA, astitva nAstitva Adi paraspara virodhI siddhAMtoM kI vivecanA kI jAtI hai, jo pratyakSa pramANa dvArA apramANita Thaharate haiM. uttara-anya abhiprAya se kahe gaye zabda kA anya hI artha karanA chala hai. jaise 'navakaMvalo'yam devadattaH' kA artha badala kara pUchanA ki-kahA~ haiM devadatta ke pAsa nau kambala ? yaha chala kA lakSaNa anekAnta meM ghaTita nahIM hotA. prazna-asti nAsti Adi nAnA dharmoM kA pratibhAsa hone se anekAMtavAda ko saMzayavAda kyoM nahIM kahA jA sakatA? uttara-sAmAnya aMza ke pratyakSa aura vizeSa aMza ke apratyakSa hone se hI saMzaya utpanna hotA hai kintu anekAntavAda meM to vizeSa aMzoM (dharmoM) kI upalabdhi hotI hai, ata: anekAntavAda saMzayavAda nahIM ho sakatA. anya dArzanikoM ne bhI apane siddhAMtoM kI siddhi ke lie anekAntavAda kA hI Azraya liyA hai. sAMkhyoM kI mAnyatA hai ki prakRti sattva rajas aura tamoguNamayI hai. isa prakAra paraspara virodhI guNoM kA astitva eka prakRti meM mAnA hai. yaha mAnyatA anekAntavAda ke AdhAra se hI ho sakatI hai, anyathA nahIM. naiyAyika bhI dravya Adi padArthoM ko sAmAnya-vizeSa rUpa svIkAra karate hI haiM. dravya meM anuvRtti tathA vyAvRitta svabhAva hai, ata: vaha sAmAnya-vizeSa svarUpa hai. pRthvI dravya hai, teja dravya hai, vAyu dravya hai, isa prakAra dravya meM dravyatva sAmAnya bhI hai aura vizeSa tathA guNa karma Adi bhI haiM. isa prakAra naiyAyika bhI anekAntavAda ke vinA vastu meM sAmAnya aura vizeSa kA rahanA siddha nahIM kara sakate. bauddha mecaka maNi ke jJAna ko eka kintu anekAkAra mAnate haiM. isa prakAra bauddha mata meM bhI jJAna eka-aneka rUpa hai. ataH ve bhI syAdvAda kA Azraya lete haiM. cArvAka bhI pRthvI teja jala aura vAyu se eka caitanya tatva kI utpatti mAnate haiM. isa prakAra ve aneka meM eka kA sadbhAva mAnakara syAdvAda kI hI zaraNa grahaNa karate haiM. mImAMsaka bhI pramAtA, pramiti tathA prameyAkAra ko eka jJAna rUpa hI mAnate haiM. isa prakAra unhoMne bhI anekoM ko eka rUpa meM hI svIkAra kiyA hai. Jain Education Intemational