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________________ yatIndrasUri smAraka granya : jaina-dharma RSabhanAtha : zramaNa aura brAhmaNa saMskRtiyoM ke samanyaya-setu vidyAvAcaspati DaoN. zrIraMjana sUrideva bhikhanA pahAr3I, paTanA..... tIrthaMkara AdinAtha RSabhadeva malataH vaidika paramparA ke 'RSabha' yA 'vRSabha' zabda kA bhI Rgveda meM bhariza: ullekha pratiSThita prAgaitihAsika zalAkApuruSa haiN| ve isI paramparA se pAyA jAtA hai, jisakA artha bala-vIrya se sampanna devatA hai| zramaNa-paramparA meM prasthita hue haiN| unakI tIrthayAtrA kI padacApa eka mantra isa prakAra hai - brAhmaNa-paramparA se zramaNa-paramparA taka samabhAva se anugRjita yaH saptarazmibhirvRSabhastavismAna, hai| jaina-paramparA RSabhadeva se hI apane dharma kA udabhava maantii| avAsRjat sarttave sindhUn / (2.12.12) hai| vaidika sAhitya ke tahata Rgveda meM jisa RSabhadeva kA yahAM. 'vRSabha' kA artha megha kI zakti ko rokane vAlA devatA hai| ullekha milatA hai, vahI jainadharma ke RSabhanAtha haiN| RSabhadeva punaH dUsarA mantra hai - brAhmaNa-dharma aura zramaNa-dharma ke samanvaya-bindu ke rUpa meM tridhA baddho vRSabho rorviiti| (4.58.3) lokAdRta tIrthapuruSa haiN| yahA~ 'vRSabha' zabda kA artha sukha barasAne vAlA hai| Rgveda prAcya vAGmaya meM 'Ahata' aura 'bArhata' zabda do sAMskRtika ke hI aMgabhUta taittirIya AraNyaka meM 'RSabha' zabda kA mahA yA dhArmika paramparAoM ke lie upalabdha hote haiN| 'Arhata' arhat balazAlI ke artha meM spaSTa ullekha haA hai : 'RSabhaM vAjinaM ke upAsaka the aura 'bArhata' vaidika yajJoM aura anuSThAnoMke ArAdhaka vayaM parNamAsaM yjaamhe|' (3.7.5.13) arthAta mahAbalazAlI. the| 'bahatI' veda kA vAcaka hai| bRhatI ke upAsaka hI 'bArhata' haiN| vegavAna pUrNamAsa kI hama pUjA karate haiN| bArhata vaidika yajJakArya ko sarvazreSTha mAnate the| ArhatoM aura bArhatoM atharvaveda ke pRthvI sUkta meM bhI 'RSabha' zabda kA spaSTa athavA zramaNa-paramparA aura brAhmaNa-paramparA ke bIca kisI ullekha upalabdha hotA hai - 'vaizvAnaraM vibhratI bhUmiragnimindra prakAra kI aitihAsika vibhAjana-rekhA khIMcanA nizcita taura para / RSabhA draviNe no ddhaatu|' (12.1.6) yahA~ vizvambharA vasumatI sambhava nahIM hai| donoM hI paramparAe~ samAnAntara vikasita haiN| pRthvI ko 'RSabhA' kahA gayA hai| 'arhat' zabda ke hI samAnAMtara 'ahaM' aura 'arhaNA' zabda isa prakAra Rgveda tathA anya vedoM meM pUjyatAsUcaka arha Rgveda meM milate haiM, jo pUjya aura zreSTha ke vAcaka haiN| jaise (arhat) tathA 'RSabha' (balazAlI devatA) ke ullekha se anumAna nRcakSaso animiSanto 'arhaNA' bRhadadevAso amRttvaimaanshH| au ra (Rk. 10.63.4) aMka hindI ke 1,2,3.....rakheM se hI prArambha ho gaI thI, jisakA pUrNatama vikAsa mahAbhArata - yahA~ 'arhaNA' zabda pUjA yA sammAna kA dyotaka hai| zAbdika kAlavA upaniSadkA kAla yA upaniSad kAla meM parilakSita hotA hai| 'vRSabha' aura 'RSabha' artha hai - puujy| isI prakAra Rgveda kA eka mantrAMza hai - zabda yadyapi vibhinna arthoM meM prayukta hue haiM, tathApi unakA kendrIya bhAva balazAlI devatA hI hai| kahIM unakA varNana baila, sA~Da (vRSabho yadaryo arhAda' dyumad vibhAti kratumad jnessu| na tigmazrRGago'ntapa'theSu roruvata - Rk. 10.86.15, 'bRhantaM (2.23.15) cidRhate randhayAni vayadvatso vRSabhaM shuushuvaanH| tatraiva 10.28.9) yahA~ bhI 'arha zabda yogya aura AdaraNIya yA pajya artha megha ('abhrAdiva pra stanayanti vRSTayaH sindhuryadeti vRSabho kA hI vAcaka hai| na roruvat -' Rk 10.75.3) aura agni ke rUpa meM huA hai, to kaI jagaha kAmanAoM kI pUrti yA kAmanAoM kI varSA karane imramramramorintramosiombrambirambirambirambiramo namoral et pastraminismo moramo vamseriens sentimoriam riservations
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________________ yatIndrasUri smAraka grantha : jaina-dharma vAle ke artha meN| RSabha hI rudra haiM aura paramAtmA bhii| brAhmaNoM ke jaDavadavadhUtaveSabhASAcAritairavilakSitabhagavatprabhAvo yoginAM ziva hI zramaNoM ke RSabha haiN| sAmparAyavidhimanuzikSayan svAkalevaraM jihAjJAtavya hai ki jainAgamoM meM RSabhadeva ko dharma kA Adi surAtmanyAtmAnamasaMkhyavahitamanarthAntarabhAvenAnvIkSamANa pravartaka kahA gayA hai, to zrImadbhAgavata meM RSabhadeva ke avatAra bo la tA uparatAnuttirUpa uprtaanuvRttiruuprraam|" tatraiva 5.6.6) ko rahasya yA abhiprAya ke sandarbha meM batAyA gayA hai ki unake 'zrImadbhAgavat ke ullekhAnusAra bhagavAn RSabhadeva kA AvirbhAva kA uddezya vAtarazanA zramaNa RSiyoM ke dharma kA avatAra rajoguNa se lipta logoM ko mokSamArga kI zikSA dene ke vivecana karanA thaa| isa sandarbha kA mUla rUpa isa prakAra hai - lie hI huA thA - 'ayamavatAro rajasopaplutakaivalyopa "iti nizAmayantyA merudevyAH ptimbhidhaayaantrddhebhgvaan| barhiSi tasminneva viSNadatta - zikSaNArthaH (5.6.12) / bhagavAn paramarSibhiH prasAditonAbheH priyacikIrSayA tadavarodhAyanemerudevyAM dharmAndayitukAmo isa prasaMga se aura phira bhAgavata meM varNita RSabhadeva kI vAtarazanAnAM zramaNAnAmRSINAmUrdhvamandhinAMzuklayA tnuvaavttaar"|(5.4.20) anya vizeSatAoM se tattvArtha sUtra kA yaha maMgalazloka tulanIya haizrImadbhAgavat meM RSabhadeva ko bhagavAn mAnA gayA hai mokSamArgasya netAraM bhettAraM krmbhuubhRtaam| aura unakI prArthanA meM sAdara yaha zloka kahA gayA hai - jJAtAraM vizvattvAnAM vande tadguNalabdhaye / / nityAnubhUtanijalAbhanivRttatRSNaH, RSabhadeva ne apane nAma kI sArthakatA ke bAre meM svayaM zreyasyatadracanayA cirsuprbuddheH| kahA hailokasya yaH karuNayA bhayamAtmaloka idaM zarIraM mama durvibhAvyaM, mAkhyAnnamo bhagavate RSabhAya tasmai / / (5.7.19) sattvaM hi me hRdayaM yatra dhrmH| arthAt niraMtara viSaya-bhogoM kI abhilASA karane ke kAraNa pRSThe kRto me yada dharma ArAd, apane vAstavika zreya se cirakAla taka besudha hue logoM ko, ato hi mAmRSabhaM prAhurAH / / (5.5.19) jinhoMne karuNAvaza nirbhaya Atmaloka kA upadeza kiyA aura jo arthAt mere isa avatAra-zarIra kA rahasya sAdhAraNa janoM svayaM niraMtara anubhava hone vAle AtmasvarUpa kI prApti ke kaarnn| ke lie buddhigamya nahIM hai| zuddha sattva hI merA hRdaya hai aura usI saba prakAra kI tRSNAoM se mukta the, una bhagavAna RSabhadeva ko meM dharma kI sthiti hai| maiMne adharma ko bahuta dUra pIche dhakela diyA hai, namaskAra hai| isI balazAlitA ke kAraNa satpuruSa mujhe RSabha puruSa kahate haiN| isase spaSTa hai ki zramaNa aura brAhmaNa donoM paramparAoM meM zrImadbhAgavat ke anusAra RSabhadeva Atmatattva kI jijJAsA vizuddhacarita RSabhadeva kA samAna Adara thaa| donoM paramparAoM (parAmavastAvadabodhajAto-5.5.5) tathA adhyAtma-zAstra ke ne unheM pUjya mAnA hai| RSabhadeva jainoM ke Adi tIrthaMkara haiM, to anuzIlana (adhyAtmayogena viviktasevayA - 5.5.12) ko vaidikoM ke lie sAkSAt viSNu ke avatAra haiN| ahe' yA ahet kA sarvAdhika malya dete the kinta paravartIkAla ke AItoM ne eka artha viSNu bhI hai (de.ApTe kA kosh)| zivapurANa ke avatAravAda aura Izvaratattva kA avamUlyana kara diyaa| ve avazya anusAra aTThAIsa yogAvatAroM meM RSabhadeva kI bhI gaNanA huI hai| hI arhatoM ke upAsaka the, AtmA ko hI sarvazreSTha mAnane vAlI zrImadbhAgavat ke hI anusAra RSabhadeva ne pazcimI bhArata adhyAtmavAdI paramparA ko svIkArate the, para avatAra yA Izvara (bRhmAvarta) meM Arhata dharma kA pracAra kiyA thaa| ve mahAn ko mulya nahIM dete the| isa prakAra avatAra aura Izvara ko mUlya yogezvara the| eka bAra indra ne ISAvaza unake rAjya paNa na dene para bhI zramaNoM aura brAhmaNoM kA Atmatattva mUlaka kendrIya (ajanAbhakhaNDa) meM avRSTi kI sthiti utpanna kara dI, kintu bhAva eka hI thaa| unhoMne yogabala se vRSTi karA dI (5.4.4) / unhoMne apane zarIra kA tyAga yogiyoM ko dehatyAga kI vidhi sikhAne ke lie hI RSabha zabda kI taraha 'vAtarazanA' kA bhI ullekha Rgveda kiyA thA) athaivamakhilalokapAlalalAmo'pi vilakSaNai ma AyA ha - doodwidnidiomadroombrandurbodhideobridriorbrid6560misdoorboorbondabadirirdrobrotoniromowonbroade hA
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________________ * yatIndrasUri smAraka grantha : jaina-dharma munayo vAtarazanAH pizaGgA vasate malAH / vAtasthAnudhAjiM yanti yaddevAso avikSat / / unmaditA mauneyena vAtAM A tasthimA vayam / zarIradesmAkaM yUyaM martAso abhi pazyatha / / ( 10.136.2 - 3 ) arthAt atIndriyArthadarzI vAtarazanA muni mala dhAraNa karate yA ve malina prakAza vAle haiN| isI kAraNa ve piMgalavarNa ke haiN| jaba ve prANopAsanA dvArA vAyu kI gati dhAraNa karate haiM, taba prANAyAma rUpa tapa kI mahimA se dIpta devatva ko prApta kara lete haiN| saba prakAra ke loka-vyavahAra kA tyAga kara hama maunavRtti se yA mananazIla antaHkaraNa se atizaya harSita hote haiM aura vAyu para AdhRta ho jAte haiM, yAnI dehAbhimAna se mukta ghyAnavRtti meM sthita ho jAte haiN| phalataH tuma sAdhAraNa manuSya hamAre kevala bAhya zarIra mAtra ko hI dekha pAte ho| sacce Abhyantara svarUpa ko nahIM (aisA vAtarazanA muni kahate haiM ) / Rgveda meM varNita vAtarazanA muni ve hI haiM, jinheM bhAgavat ke anusAra RSabhadeva ne upadeza diyA thaa| bhAgavat meM yaha bhI ullekha hai ki apane putra bharata ko rAjyAbhiSikta karane ke bAda svayaM RSabhadeva bhI vAtArazanA muni kI bhA~ti avadhUta ho gae : " "... bharataM dharaNipAlanAyAbhiSicya svayaM bhavanaevorvarita zarIramAtraparigraha unmatta iva gaganaparidhAnaH prakIrNakeza AtmanyAropitAhavanIyo brahmAvarttAtpravavrAja / jaDAndhamUkabadhira -pizAconmAdakavadavadhUtaveSo 'bhibhASyamANo'pi janAnAM gRhItamaunavratastUSNIM babhUva (5.5.29) / isa prakAra Rgveda meM saMketita vAtarazanA muniyoM ke upadezaka RSabhadeva svayaM bhI vAtarazanA muniyoM ke pramukha pramANita hote haiN| sAtha hI RgvedavarNita vAtarazanA muniyoM ke lakSaNa bhAgavat ke RSabhadeva meM bhI parilakSita hote haiN| Rgveda ke ukta sUkta meM hI 'kezI' kI stuti upalabdha hotI hai| yaha 'kezI' aura koI nahIM, varan RSabhadeva hI haiN| maMtra isa prakAra hai kezyagni kezI viSaM kezI vibharti rodasI / kezI vizvaM svardRze kezIdaM jyotirucyate / / ( 10.136.1 ) kezI agni, jala, svarga (AkAza) aura pRthvI ko dhAraNa karatA hai| kezI samasta jagat ko vyApakatA ke sAtha dRSTigata Pens For Private hai| kezI hI prakAzamAna (jJAnamaya) jyoti (kevala - jJAnI) hai| vAtarazanA muni se sambaddha isa sUkta meM kula sAta mantra haiM, jinameM chaThA aura sAtavA~ mantra bhI kezI kI stuti se hI sambaddha hai / Rgvedokta kezI devatA RSabhadeva kA hI paryAya hai| RSabhadeva kA kezI vizeSaNa isa artha meM sArthaka hai ki unake keza bar3e khUbasUrata aura ghuMgharAle haiN| unakA rUpa-sauMdarya kAmadeva ke bhI darpa ko cUra karane vAlA thaa| bhAgavat meM upalabdha unake nakhazikha kA varNana saundarya- zAstriyoM ke adhyayana kA upajIvya bana sakatA hai : 'atisukumArakaracaraNora: sthalavipula - bAhvaMsagalavadanAdyavayavavinyAsaH prakRtisundarasvabhAvahAsasumukho navanalinadalAyamAnaziziratArAruNAyatanayana ruciraH sadRzasubhagakapolakarNakaNThanAso vigUr3hasmitavadanamahotsavena puravanitAnAM manasi kusumazarAsanamupadadhAnaH parAgalambamAna kuTilajaTilakapizakezabhUribhAro ... / " (5.6.31) arthAt RSabhadeva ke hAtha-paira, chAtI, lambI-lambI bA~heM, kaMdhe, gale aura mukha Adi aMgoM kI banAvaTa bar3I sukumAra thI, unakA svabhAvataH sundara mukha, svAbhAvika madhura muskAna se aura bhI manohara jAna par3atA thA, netra navIna kamaladala ke samAna bar3e suhAvane, vizAla aura kucha lAlI lie hue the, jinakI putaliyA~ zItala aura saMtApahAriNI thiiN| apane subhaga netroM ke kAraNa ve bar3e rUpa- manorama pratIta hote the| unake kapola, kAna aura nAsikA AkRtyA samAna aura sundara the| unake asphuTa hAsya- raMjita manohArI mukhAravinda kI zobhA dekhakara puranAriyoM ke citta meM kAmadeva kA saMcAra ho jAtA thA / unake manojJa mukha ke Age bhUre raMga kI lambI-lambI ghuMgharAlI laTeM laTakI rahatI thIM .... / " bhagavAn RSabhadeva ke kuMcita kezoM kI paramparA Rgveda meM, vAtarazanA muniyoM ke varNana ke krama meM, kezI nAma meM prApta hotI hai aura phira yahI varNana - paramparA kuTila - jaTila - kapiza kezabhUribhAro zrImadbhAgavata meM bhI milatI hai| jaina - paramparA meM RSabhadeva kI mUrtiyoM ke siroM para kuMcita kezoM kI aMkanaprathA prAcInakAla se calI AI hai, jo Aja bhI kAyama hai| yaha RSabhadeva kA vizeSa abhijJAna hai| kesara, keza aura jaTA tInoM eka hI artha ke vAcaka haiN| RSabhadeva ko 'kesariyAnAtha' bhI kahate haiN| siMha bhI apane kezoM yA kesaroM ke kAraNa hI kesarI kahalAtA hai| zabdasAmya ke kAraNa kesariyAnAtha para kesara car3hAne amoamoambimbi 6 6 Personal Use Only
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________________ - yatIndrasUri smAraka grantha : jaina-dharma kI prathA avazya cala par3I ho, parantu RSabhadeva ke 'kesariyAnAtha' meM aura zrImadabhAgavata meM eka jaisA hI varNana milatA hai| isase nAma kA unake kuMcita kezabhAra ke kAraNa pracalita honA adhika yaha tathya ubharakara sAmane AtA hai ki jaina paramparA kI taraha yuktisaMgata hai| 'vasudevahiNDI' ke varNanAnusAra RSabha svAmI ke jainetara paramparA meM bhI RSabhadeva kI mAnyatA thI aura unakI keza dakSiNAvarta yAnI dAIM ora se ghugharAle aura kAle the, jisase pUjA-prArthanA yA ArAdhanA-upAsanA donoM paramparAoM meM samAna unakA sira chatra ke samAna suzobhita thA : 'usabhasAmI patta jovvaNo bhAva se pracalita thii| yA chattasarisasiro payAhiNAvattakasiNa siroo|' (dra. ina paMktiyoM isa prakAra yaha siddha hai ki samasta Arya jAti meM samAna ke lekhaka dvArA anUdita-sampAdita saMskaraNa, 1989 I., pR. 497) rUpa se RSabhadeva kI nyUnAdhika mAnyatA ati prAcInakAla se kA kaI vidvAn vedoM kA racanAkAla IsA se pA~ca hajAra varSa hI vidyamAna rahI hai| isase isa dhAraNA ko bhI bala milatA hai ki | adhika pUrva mAnate haiM, kintu itihAsavettAoM kA RSabha samagra AryaprajA ke arhaNIya deva haiM, sAtha hI ve brAhmaNa eka aisA bhI varga hai, jo vedoM kI racanA IsA se sirpha 1500 varSa aura zramaNa donoM saMskRtiyoM ke samanvaya ke setu-puruSa haiN| pahale kI batAtA hai| isase spaSTa hai ki RSabhadeva isase bhI prAcIna haiM, tabhI to vedoM meM unakA ullekha prApta hotA hai| isa sandarbha prakAra jaina-dharma yA jaina viSayaka sandarbha RgvedakAlIna hI nahIM, 1. RSabha deva ke divya carita ke anuzIlana ke lie zrImadbhAgavata ke Rgveda-pUrvavartI haiN| paJcama skandha ke adhyAya tIna se cha: draSTavya haiN| ukta sAkSya-sandarbho se spaSTa hai ki Rgveda ke vAtarazanA 2. vizeSa vivaraNa ke lie draSTavya-mahAvIra : vyaktitva, upadeza aura muniyoM aura bhAgavata ke vAtarazanA zramaNa RSiyoM meM sahaja AcAramArga : riSabhadAsa rA~kA pra. bhArata jaina mahAmaNDala, bambaI, pR. 12-13 samAnAntaratA hai| inake hI adhinAyaka RSabhadeva kA jaina-sAhitya shaarurururururururururuvaarN saayymurugdutaarumaarulaagaa